49 CFR §246.301

1. (a)A railroad shall notify a candidate for certification or recertification of information known to the railroad that forms the basis for denying the person certification and provide the candidate a reasonable opportunity to explain or rebut that adverse information in writing prior to denying certification. A railroad shall provide the candidate with any documents or records, including written statements, related to failure to meet a requirement of this part that support its pending denial decision.
2. (b)If a railroad denies a person certification or recertification, it shall issue a decision that complies with all of the following requirements:
   1. (1)It must be in writing.
   2. (2)It must explain the basis for the railroad's denial decision.
   3. (3)It must address any explanation or rebuttal information that the candidate provides pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section.
   4. (4)It must include the date of the railroad's decision.
   5. (5)It must be served on the person no later than 10 days after the railroad's decision.
3. (c)A railroad shall not deny the person's certification for failing to comply with a railroad test procedure, signal standard, or practice which constitutes a violation under § 246.303(e)(1) through (10) if sufficient evidence exists to establish that an intervening cause prevented or materially impaired the person's ability to comply with that railroad test procedure, signal standard, or practice.