In this chapter:

(1) CITES
The term "CITES" means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, done at Washington March 3, 1973 (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249), including its appendices.

(2) Conservation
The term "conservation"—

(A) means the use of methods and procedures necessary to prevent the diminution of, and to sustain viable populations of, a species; and

(B) includes all activities associated with wildlife management, such as—

(i) conservation, protection, restoration, acquisition, and management of habitat;

(ii) in-situ research and monitoring of populations and habitats;

(iii) assistance in the development, implementation, and improvement of management plans for managed habitat ranges;

(iv) enforcement and implementation of CITES;

(v) enforcement and implementation of domestic laws relating to resource management;

(vi) development and operation of sanctuaries for members of a species rescued from the illegal trade in live animals;

(vii) training of local law enforcement officials in the interdiction and prevention of the illegal killing of great apes;

(viii) programs for the rehabilitation of members of a species in the wild and release of the members into the wild in ways which do not threaten existing wildlife populations by causing displacement or the introduction of disease;

(ix) conflict resolution initiatives;

(x) community outreach and education; and

(xi) strengthening the capacity of local communities to implement conservation programs.

(3) Fund
The term "Fund" means the Great Ape Conservation Fund established by section 6304 of this title.

(4) Great ape
The term "great ape" means a chimpanzee, gorilla, bonobo, orangutan, or gibbon.

(5) Multinational Species Conservation Fund
The term "Multinational Species Conservation Fund" means such fund as established in title I of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, under the heading "multinational species conservation fund" [16 U.S.C. 4246].

(6) Secretary
The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Interior.