40 CFR Appendix A to Subpart G of Part 82
Substitutes Subject to Use Restrictions and Unacceptable Substitutes
June 9, 2020
Refrigerants
Unacceptable Substitutes
Open Table
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| CFC-11 centrifugal chillers (retrofit) | HCFC-141b | Unacceptable | Has a high ODP relative to other alternatives. |
| CFC-12 centrifugal chillers (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, R-500 centrifugal chillers (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocabon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| HCFC-141b | Unacceptable | Has a high ODP relative to other alternatives. | |
| CFC-12 reciprocating chillers (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 reciprocating chillers (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-11, CFC-12, R-502 industrial process refrigeration (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| CFC-11, CFC-12, R-502 industrial process refrigeration (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| CFC-12, R-502 ice skating rinks (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 ice skating rinks (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 cold storage warehouses (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 cold storage warehouses (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-500, R-502 refrigerated transport (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-500, R-502 refrigerated transport (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 retail food refrigeration (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 retail food refrigeration (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 commercial ice machines (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 commercial ice machines (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 vending machines (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 vending machines (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, water coolers (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, water coolers (New equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, household refrigerators (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, household refrigerators (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 household freezers (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, 502 household freezers (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-500 residential dehumidifiers (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-500 residential dehumidifiers (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, motor vehicle air conditioners (retrofit) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, motor vehicle air conditioners (new equipment/NIKs) | HCFC-22/HFC-142b/CFC-12 | Unacceptable | As a blend of both Class I and Class II substances, it has a higher ODP than use of Class II substances. |
| Hydrocarbon blend A | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be sued safely in this end-use. |
Foams
Unacceptable Substitutes
Open Table
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| CFC-11 Polyolefin | HCFC-141b (or blends thereof) | Unacceptable | HCFC-141b has an ODP of 0.11, almost equivalent to that of methyl chloroform, a Class I substance. The Agency believes that non-ODP alternatives are sufficiently available to render the use of HCFC-141b unnecessary in polyolefin foams. |
Substitutes Acceptable Subject to Narrowed Use Limits
Open Table
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electronics cleaning w/CFC-113, MCF | Perfluoro-carbons (C5F12, C6F12, C6F14, C7F16, C8F18, C5F11NO, C6F13NO, C7F15NO, and C8F16) | Acceptable for high-performance, precision-engineered applications only where reasonable efforts have been made to ascertain that other alternatives are not technically feasible due to performance or safety requirements | The principal environmental characteristic of concern for PFCs is that they have long atmospheric lifetimes and high global warming potentials. Although actual contributions to global warming depend upon the quantities of PFCs emitted, the effects are for practical purposes irreversible. Users must observe this limitation on PFC acceptability by conducting a reasonable evaluation of other substitutes to determine that PFC use is necessary to meet performance or safety requirements. Documentation of this evaluation must be kept on file. For additional guidance regarding applications in which PFCs may be appropriate, users should consult the Preamble for this rulemaking. |
| Precision cleaning w/CFC-113, MCF | Perfluoro-carbons (C5F12, C6F12, C6F14, C7F16, C8F18, C5F11NO, C6F13NO, C7F15NO, and C8F16) | Acceptable for high-performance, precision-engineered applications only where reasonable efforts have been made to ascertain that other alternatives are not technically feasible due to performance or safety requirements | The principal environmental characteristic of concern for PFCs is that they have long atmospheric lifetimes and high global warming potentials. Although actual contributions to global warming depend upon the quantities of PFCs emitted, the effects are for practical purposes irreversible. Users must observe this limitation on PFC acceptability by conducting a reasonable evaluation of other substitutes to determine that PFC use is necessary to meet performance or safety requirements. Documentation of this evaluation must be kept on file. For additional guidance regarding applications in which PFCs may be appropriate, users should consult the Preamble for this rulemaking. |
Unacceptable Substitutes
Open Table
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metals cleaning w/CFC-113 | HCFC 141b and its blends | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. Effective date: As of 30 days after final rule for uses in new equipment (including retrofits made after the effective date); as of January 1, 1996, for uses in existing equipment. EPA will grant, if necessary, narrowed use acceptability listings for CFC-113 past the effective date of the prohibition. |
| Metals cleaning w/MCF | HCFC 141b and its blends | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. Effective date: As of 30 days after final rule for uses in new equipment (including retrofits made after the effective date); as of January 1, 1996, for uses in existing equipment. |
| Electronics cleaning w/CFC-113 | HCFC 141b and its blends | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. Effective date: As of 30 days after final rule for uses in new equipment (including retrofits made after the effective date); as of January 1, 1996, for uses in existing equipment. EPA will grant, if necessary, narrowed use acceptability listings for CFC-113 past the effective date of the prohibition. |
| Electronics cleaning w/MCF | HCFC 141b and its blends | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. Effective date: As of 30 days after final rule for uses in new equipment (including retrofits made after the effective date); as of January 1, 1996, for uses in existing equipment. |
| Precision cleaning w/CFC-113 | HCFC 141b and its blends | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. Effective date: As of 30 days after final rule for uses in new equipment (including retrofits made after the effective date); as of January 1, 1996, for uses in existing equipment. EPA will grant, if necessary, narrowed use acceptability listings for CFC-113 past the effective date of the prohibition. |
| Precision cleaning w/MCF | HCFC 141b and its blends | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. Effective date: As of 30 days after final rule for uses in new equipment (including retrofits made after the effective date); as of January 1, 1996, for uses in existing equipment. |
Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection Streaming Agents
Substitutes Acceptable Subject to Narrowed Use Limits
Open Table
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Conditions | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Halon 1211 Streaming Agents | [CFC Blend] | Acceptable in nonresidential uses only | Use of CFCs are controlled under CAA section 610 which bans use of CFCs in pressurized dispensers, and therefore are not permitted for use in portable fire extinguishers. EPA will list this agent as proposed unacceptable in the next SNAP proposed rulemaking. | |
| Because CFCs are a Class I substance, production will be phased out by January 1, 1996. | ||||
| See additional comments 1, 2. | ||||
| HBFC-22B1 | Acceptable in nonresidential uses only | Proper procedures regarding the operation of the extinguisher and ventilation following dispensing the extinguishant is recommended. Worker exposure may be a concern in small office areas. | ||
| HBFC-22B1 is considered an interim substitute for Halon 1211. Because the HBFC-22B1 has an ODP of .74, production will be phased out (except for essential uses) on January 1, 1996. | ||||
| This agent was submitted to the Agency as a Premanufacture Notice (PMN) and is presently subject to requirements contained in a Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) Consent Order. | ||||
| See additional comments 1, 2. | ||||
| C6 F14 | Acceptable for nonresidential uses where other alternatives are not technically feasible due to performance or safety requirements: | Users must observe the limitations on PFC acceptability by making reasonable effort to undertake the following measures: (i) conduct an evaluation of foreseeable conditions of end use; (ii) determine that the physical or chemical properties or other technical constraints of the other available agents preclude their use; and |
||
| a. due to the physical or chemical properties of the agent, or | (iii) determine that human exposure to the other alternative extinguishing agents may approach or result in cardiosensitization or other unacceptable toxicity effects under normal operating conditions; Documentation of such measures must be available for review upon request. |
|||
| b. where human exposure to the extinguishing agent may approach cardiosensitization levels or result in other unacceptable health effects under normal operating conditions | The principal environmental characteristic of concern for PFCs is that they have high GWPs and long atmospheric lifetimes. Actual contributions to global warming depend upon the quantities of PFCs emitted. For additional guidance regarding applications in which PFCs may be appropriate, users should consult the description of potential uses which is included in the preamble to this rulemaking. |
|||
| See additional comments 1, 2. |
Additional Comments:
1—Discharge testing and training should be strictly limited only to that which is essential to meet safety or performance requirements.
2—The agent should be recovered from the fire protection system in conjunction with testing or servicing, and recycled for later use or destroyed.
Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection Streaming Agents
Unacceptable Substitutes
Open Table
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Halon 1211 Streaming Agents | [CFC-11] | Unacceptable | This agent has been suggested for use on large outdoor fires for which non-ozone depleting alternatives are currently used. |
[59 FR 13147, Mar. 18, 1994, as amended at 67 FR 4200, Jan. 29, 2002]
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