This section describes how to calculate official emission results for CO2, CH4, and N2O.
(a) Calculate brake-specific emission rates for each applicable duty cycle as specified in 40 CFR 1065.650. Apply infrequent regeneration adjustment factors to your cycle-average results as described in 40 CFR 86.004-28 for CO2 starting in model year 2021. You may optionally apply infrequent regeneration adjustment factors for CH4 and N2O.
(b) Adjust CO2 emission rates calculated under paragraph (a) of this section for measured test fuel properties as specified in this paragraph (b). This adjustment is intended to make official emission results independent of differences in test fuels within a fuel type. Use good engineering judgment to develop and apply testing protocols to minimize the impact of variations in test fuels.
(1) Determine mass-specific net energy content, Emfuelmeas, also known as lower heating value, in MJ/kg, expressed to at least three decimal places, as follows:
(i) For liquid fuels, determine Emfuelmeas according to ASTM D4809 (incorporated by reference in §1036.810).
(ii) For gaseous fuels, determine Emfuelmeas using good engineering judgment.
(2) Determine your test fuel's carbon mass fraction, wC, as described in 40 CFR 1065.655(d), expressed to at least three decimal places; however, you must measure fuel properties rather than using the default values specified in Table 1 of 40 CFR 1065.655. Have the sample analyzed by three different labs and use the arithmetic mean of the results as your test fuel's wC.
(3) If, over a period of time, you receive multiple fuel deliveries from a single stock batch of test fuel, you may use constant values for mass-specific energy content and carbon mass fraction, consistent with good engineering judgment. To use this provision, you must demonstrate that every subsequent delivery comes from the same stock batch and that the fuel has not been contaminated.
(4) Correct measured CO2 emission rates as follows:
Where:
eCO2 = the calculated CO2 emission result.
Emfuelmeas = the mass-specific net energy content of the test fuel as determined in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. Note that dividing this value by wCmeas (as is done in this equation) equates to a carbon-specific net energy content having the same units as EmfuelCref.
EmfuelCref = the reference value of carbon-mass-specific net energy content for the appropriate fuel type, as determined in Table 1 of this section.
wCmeas = carbon mass fraction of the test fuel (or mixture of test fuels) as determined in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
eCO2 = 630.0 g/hp·hr
Emfuelmeas = 42.528 MJ/kg
EmfuelCref = 49.3112 MJ/kgC
wCmeas = 0.870
eCO2cor = 624.5 g/hp·hr
Table 1 of §1036.530—Reference fuel properties
| Fuel type1 | Reference fuel carbon-mass- specific net energy content, EmfuelCref, (MJ/kgC)2 |
Reference fuel carbon mass fraction, wCref2 |
|---|---|---|
| Diesel fuel | 49.3112 | 0.874 |
| Gasoline | 50.4742 | 0.846 |
| Natural Gas | 66.2910 | 0.750 |
| LPG | 56.5218 | 0.820 |
| Dimethyl Ether | 55.3886 | 0.521 |
| High-level ethanol-gasoline blends | 50.3211 | 0.576 |
1For fuels that are not listed, you must ask us to approve reference fuel properties.
2For multi-fuel streams, such as natural gas with diesel fuel pilot injection, use good engineering judgment to determine blended values for EmfuelCref and wCref using the values in this table.
(c) Your official emission result for each pollutant equals your calculated brake-specific emission rate multiplied by all applicable adjustment factors, other than the deterioration factor.
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