(a) Distillate diesel fuels for testing must be clean and bright, with pour and cloud points adequate for proper engine operation.
(b) There are three grades of #2 diesel fuel specified for use as a test fuel. See the standard-setting part to determine which grade to use. If the standard-setting part does not specify which grade to use, use good engineering judgment to select the grade that represents the fuel on which the engines will operate in use. The three grades are specified in the following table:
Table 1 of §1065.703—Test Fuel Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel
| Property | Unit | Ultra low sulfur | Low sulfur | High sulfur | Reference procedure1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cetane Number | — | 40−50 | 40−50 | 40−50 | ASTM D613. |
| Distillation range: | |||||
| Initial boiling point | °C | 171-204 | 171-204 | 171-204 | ASTM D86. |
| 10 pct. point | 204-238 | 204-238 | 204-238 | ASTM D86. | |
| 50 pct. point | 243-282 | 243-282 | 243-282 | ASTM D86. | |
| 90 pct. point | 293-332 | 293-332 | 293-332 | ASTM D86. | |
| Endpoint | 321-366 | 321-366 | 321-366 | ASTM D86. | |
| Gravity | °API | 32-37 | 32-37 | 32-37 | ASTM D4052. |
| Total sulfur, ultra low sulfur | mg/kg | 7-15 | See 40 CFR 80.580. | ||
| Total sulfur, low and high sulfur | mg/kg | 300-500 | 800-2500 | ASTM D2622 or alternates as allowed under 40 CFR 80.580. | |
| Aromatics, min. (Remainder shall be paraffins, naphthenes, and olefins) | g/kg | 100 | 100 | 100 | ASTM D5186. |
| Flashpoint, min. | °C | 54 | 54 | 54 | ASTM D93. |
| Kinematic Viscosity | cSt | 2.0-3.2 | 2.0-3.2 | 2.0-3.2 | ASTM D445. |
1ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in §1065.1010. See §1065.701(d) for other allowed procedures.
(c) You may use the following nonmetallic additives with distillate diesel fuels:
(1) Cetane improver.
(2) Metal deactivator.
(3) Antioxidant, dehazer.
(4) Rust inhibitor.
(5) Pour depressant.
(6) Dye.
(7) Dispersant.
(8) Biocide.
[70 FR 40516, July 13, 2005, as amended at 73 FR 37340, June 30, 2008; 73 FR 59341, Oct. 8, 2008; 75 FR 23057, Apr. 30, 2010; 77 FR 2464, Jan. 18, 2012;79 FR 23807, Apr. 28, 2014]
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