AGENCY:

Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Labor.

ACTION:

Direct final rule; request for comments.

SUMMARY:

The Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP) administers the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act and its extensions. To improve program administration, OWCP is amending its existing regulations to require parties to file documents electronically, unless otherwise provided by statute or allowed by OWCP, and to streamline the settlement process. Additionally, to promote accountability and ensure fairness, OWCP is promulgating new rules for imposing and reviewing civil money penalties prescribed by the Longshore Act. The new rules set forth the procedures to contest OWCP's penalty determinations.

DATES:

This direct final rule is effective March 15, 2021, without further action unless OWCP receives written significant adverse comments to this rule by February 12, 2021. If OWCP receives significant adverse comments, it will publish a timely withdrawal of the final rule in the Federal Register.

ADDRESSES:

You may submit written comments, identified by RIN number 1240-AA13, by any of the following methods. To facilitate the receipt and processing of comments, OWCP encourages interested parties to submit such comments electronically.

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions on the website for submitting comments.
• Regular Mail or Hand Delivery/Courier: Submit comments on paper to the Division of Federal Employees' Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, U.S. Department of Labor, Room S-3229, 200 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20210. The Department's receipt of U.S. mail may be significantly delayed due to security procedures. You must take this into consideration when preparing to meet the deadline for submitting comments.

Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name and the Regulatory Information Number (RIN) for this rulemaking. All comments received will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided.

Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or comments received, go to http://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Antonio Rios, Director, Division of Federal Employees' Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, (202)-693-0040, rios.antonio@dol.gov. TTY/TDD callers may dial toll free 1-877-889-5627 for further information.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background of This Rulemaking

The Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (LHWCA or Act), 33 U.S.C. 901-50, establishes a comprehensive federal workers' compensation system for an employee's disability or death arising in the course of covered maritime employment. Metro. Stevedore Co. v. Rambo, 515 U.S. 291, 294 (1995). The Act's provisions have been extended to (1) contractors working on military bases or U.S. government contracts outside the United States (Defense Base Act, 42 U.S.C. 1651-54); (2) employees of nonappropriated fund instrumentalities (Nonappropriated Fund Instrumentalities Act, 5 U.S.C. 8171-73); (3) employees engaged in operations that extract natural resources from the outer continental shelf (Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, 43 U.S.C. 1333(b)); and (4) private employees in the District of Columbia injured prior to July 26, 1982 (District of Columbia Workers' Compensation Act of May 17, 1928, Public Law 70-419 (formerly codified at 36 DC Code 501 et seq. (1973) (repealed 1979)). Consequently, the Act and its extensions cover a broad range of claims for injuries that occur throughout the United States and around the world.

OWCP's sound administration of these programs involves periodic reexamination of the procedures used for claims processing and related issues. OWCP has identified three areas where improvements can be made. The first is expanding electronic filing and requiring private parties to transmit all documents and information to OWCP electronically, except when the individual does not have a computer, lacks access to the internet, or lacks the ability to utilize the internet. Receiving documents and information in electronic form speeds claims administration and simplifies recordkeeping requirements. The second is streamlining settlement procedures. This too should speed the settlement-approval process and lessen the parties' burdens to submit multiple documents to have a settlement considered. Finally, OWCP is updating its existing penalty regulations and filling a gap by proposing a procedural scheme for employers to challenge penalties assessed against them. These rules will better apprise employers of their obligations and give them a clear path to exercise their rights to challenge any penalty imposed by OWCP.

On April 28, 2020, OWCP hosted a public outreach webinar to solicit stakeholders' views on how OWCP could improve its processes in the three areas covered in this rulemaking. See E.O. 13563, sec. 2(c) (January 18, 2011) (requiring public consultation prior to issuing a regulation). OWCP has considered the feedback received during that session in developing these rules.

This rule is not an Executive Order 13771 regulatory action because it is not significant under Executive Order 12866.

II. Direct Final Rulemaking

In addition to this direct final rule (DFR), OWCP is concurrently publishing a companion Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register. In direct final rulemaking, an agency publishes a DFR in the Federal Register with a statement that the rule will go into effect unless the agency receives significant adverse comment within a specified period. The agency concurrently publishes an identical proposed rule. If the agency receives no significant adverse comment in response to the DFR, the rule goes into effect. If the agency receives significant adverse comment, the agency withdraws the DFR and treats such comment as submissions on the NPRM. An agency typically uses direct final rulemaking when it anticipates the rule will be non-controversial.

By simultaneously publishing this DFR with an NPRM, notice-and-comment rulemaking will be expedited if OWCP receives significant adverse comment and withdraws the DFR. The proposed and direct final rules are substantively identical, and their respective comment periods run concurrently. OWCP will treat comment received on the DFR as comment regarding the companion NPRM and vice versa. Thus, if OWCP receives significant adverse comment on either the DFR or the NPRM, OWCP will publish a Federal Register notice withdrawing this DFR and will proceed with the proposed rule.

For purposes of the DFR, a significant adverse comment is one that explains why the rule (1) is inappropriate, including challenges to the rule's underlying premise or approach; or (2) will be ineffective or unacceptable without a change. In determining whether a significant adverse comment necessitates withdrawal of the DFR, OWCP will consider whether the comment raises an issue serious enough to warrant a substantive response had it been submitted in a standard notice-and-comment process. A comment recommending an addition to the rule will not be considered significant and adverse unless the comment explains how the DFR would be ineffective without the addition. OWCP requests comments on all issues related to this rule, including economic or other regulatory impacts on the regulated community.

III. Overview of the Rule

A. Electronic Transmission of Documents and Information and Electronic Signatures

The Department's current regulations implementing the LHWCA at 20 CFR part 702 allow OWCP and private parties to exchange documents and information through certain electronic methods or in paper form, at the sender's option. 20 CFR 702.101. The Department added optional electronic transmission to the regulations in 2015. 80 FR 12917-33 (March 12, 2015). Since then, OWCP has continued to expand its use of electronic case files and is working towards a fully electronic case-file environment.

Electronic case files have many advantages, including allowing claims staff remote access to documents and information; efficient case file transmission to the Office of Administrative Law Judges, the Benefits Review Board, and other tribunals; elimination of possible mail-handling delays due to unforeseen weather or other events, safety restrictions, and the like; and cost savings in reduced copying, scanning, and storage of paper documents. Electronic filing methods are ubiquitous, and the public generally is very familiar with them. In addition to the substantial business conducted in a fully electronic environment, government agencies and court systems routinely use electronic transmission systems to receive documents and information. In fact, OWCP estimates that more than 80 percent of all documents it now receives in the Longshore program are transmitted electronically by the private parties.

For these reasons, the Department has revised the current regulations to require all private parties transmitting documents and information to OWCP to do so electronically except when a district director allows a different filing method because the individual does not have a computer, lacks access to the internet, or lacks the ability to utilize the internet. The exception is consistent with the E-Government Act of 2002's directive that agencies must ensure the continued availability of services for persons who do not have computers or internet access. Sec. 202(c), Public Law 107-347, 116 Stat. 2899, 2911 (44 U.S.C. 3501 note). OWCP envisions a simple process for requesting relief under the exception and will allow individuals to self-certify their inability to use electronic filing. OWCP is unaware of any law that prohibits it from making electronic filing mandatory for all other parties.

In promulgating this rule, OWCP has considered the principles underlying the Government Paperwork Elimination Act (GPEA), 44 U.S.C. 3504, and the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (E-SIGN), 15 U.S.C. 7001 et seq. GPEA requires agencies, when practicable, to store documents electronically and to allow individuals and entities to communicate with agencies electronically. The GPEA also provides that electronic documents and signatures will not be denied legal effect merely because of their electronic form. Similarly, E-SIGN generally provides that electronic documents have the same legal effect as their hard copy counterparts and allows electronic records to be used in place of hard copy documents with appropriate safeguards. 15 U.S.C. 7001. Under E-SIGN, federal agencies retain the authority to specify the means by which they receive documents, 15 U.S.C. 7004(a), and to modify the disclosures required by section 101(c), 15 U.S.C. 7001(c), under appropriate circumstances.

Moreover, by 2022, the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) will, to the fullest extent possible, no longer accept temporary or permanent records from agencies in a non-electronic format. See National Archives and Records Administration, 2018-2022 Strategic Plan at 12 (Feb. 2018); Delivering Government Solutions in the 21st Century at 22, 100-102 (June 21, 2018). Requiring electronic filings now will make more efficient OWCP's compliance with NARA's recordkeeping directives.

The rule also includes new provisions allowing the use of electronically signed documents consistent with E-SIGN. In April 2020, the Longshore program began accepting documents signed using certain electronic methods. See Industry Notice No. 179 (April 20, 2020), https://www.dol.gov/​owcp/​dlhwc/​lsindustrynotices/​industrynotice179.pdf. This rule codifies that practice. Allowing the use of improvements in signature technology will facilitate an easier and faster exchange of documents between parties and OWCP. The use of electronic signatures is voluntary, and parties may continue to submit documents with “wet” ink signatures, so long as they are scanned and submitted electronically. At the same time, OWCP is conscious of the need to safeguard the integrity of electronic signatures and to ensure that each signature truthfully reflects the purported signatory's intent to sign. To that end, the rule establishes criteria to be followed by parties submitting electronically-signed documents.

B. Streamlining the Settlement Process

Section 8(i) of the Act, 33 U.S.C. 908(i), allows parties to settle compensation cases. Parties may agree to settle amounts payable for disability compensation, death benefits, medical benefits, attorney's fees, and costs. An adjudicator—a district director or an administrative law judge—must review each settlement application. Unless the settlement amount is inadequate or was procured by duress, the adjudicator must approve it. Section 8(i) also provides that when all parties are represented by counsel, a settlement application is deemed approved 30 days after its submission if the adjudicator does not disapprove it.

The settlement application process should be easy for the parties to follow and lead to prompt resolution of compensation cases. However, in some instances, the settlement application process has become overly complicated. To justify the settlement application, parties submit large amounts of documentation (e.g., all of the employee's medical treatment records) that is well beyond what is necessary for full consideration of the application in most cases. In addition to the extra burdens placed on parties, this practice creates unnecessary administrative burdens for OWCP and the Office of Administrative Law Judges (OALJ).

The revised settlement regulations at §§ 702.241-702.243 streamline the application process by focusing on the relevant information the parties must initially submit to properly adjudicate the settlement application. The adjudicator may then exercise his or her discretion and ask for additional documentation from the parties in those cases where necessary to determine whether the settlement is adequate in amount and procured without duress. The rules also allow the adjudicator to defer to the parties' representations regarding the adequacy of the settlement amount and whether the settlement was procured by duress. The Department believes these changes will make both the application and approval process more efficient, lessening the burden on parties and adjudicators alike. The Department has also taken this opportunity to reorganize, and in some cases simplify, much of the information contained in the current settlement regulations.

C. Procedures for Civil Money Penalties

OWCP is amending the current regulations and promulgating new ones implementing the Act's civil money penalty provisions. The Act allows OWCP to impose a penalty when an employer or insurance carrier fails to timely report a work-related injury or death, 33 U.S.C. 930(e), or fails to timely report its final payment of compensation to a claimant, 33 U.S.C. 914(g). See 20 CFR 702.204, 702.236. An employer who discharges or discriminates against an employee because of that employee's attempt to claim compensation under the Act may also be penalized. 33 U.S.C. 948a; 20 CFR 702.271. The rule revises current § 702.204 to provide for graduated penalties for an entity's failure to file, or falsification of, the required report of an employee's work-related injury or death. See 33 U.S.C. 930(a); 20 CFR 702.201. The rule provides that the penalty assessed will increase for each additional violation the employer has committed over the prior two years. The current regulation states only the maximum penalty allowable, without providing further guidance.

The regulations also contain a new Subpart I setting out procedures for assessing and challenging penalties. These rules allow an entity against whom a penalty is assessed the opportunity for a hearing before an administrative law judge, and to petition the Secretary of Labor (Secretary) for further review. After receiving notice from the district director that the assessment of a penalty is being considered and a subsequent decision assessing the penalty, the respondent may request a hearing before an administrative law judge. The ensuing decision will address whether the respondent violated the statutory or regulatory provision under which the penalty was assessed, and whether the amount of the penalty assessed is correct. Any party aggrieved by the decision may petition for the Secretary's review, which will be discretionary and based on the record. These additional levels of review are consistent with Recommendation 93-1 of the Administrative Conference of the United States, which recommends that formal adjudication under the Administrative Procedure Act be made available where a civil money penalty is at issue. These procedures will fully protect employers' and insurance carriers' rights to challenge OWCP's action before any penalty becomes final and subject to collection, and ensure transparency and fairness in the enforcement proceedings. See generally Executive Order 13892, Promoting the Rule of Law Through Transparency and Fairness in Civil Administrative Enforcement and Adjudication (October 9, 2019).

IV. Section-by-Section Analysis

A. Regulations Related to Electronic Transmission of Documents and Information and Electronic Signatures

Section 702.101 Exchange of Documents and Information; Electronic Signatures

This rule revises several parts of § 702.101 to require electronic submission of all documents and information to OWCP, permits the use of electronic signatures, and amends the title of the regulation to include electronic signatures. Paragraph (a) begins by excepting from the mandatory electronic submission and exchange requirements those instances where the statute either allows filings by mail or mandates service by mail: Sections 702.203 (employer's report of injury or death, implementing 33 U.S.C. 930(d)), 702.215 (notice of injury or death, implementing 33 U.S.C. 912(c)), and 702.349 (service of compensation orders, implementing 33 U.S.C. 919(e)). Although parties are not required to submit reports and notices of injury or death to OWCP electronically, OWCP encourages them to do so.

Paragraph (a) combines current paragraphs (a) and (b) and breaks the combined text into three subsections that address three categories of document and information exchanges. Paragraph (a)(1) provides that parties (and their representatives) sending documents and information to OWCP must submit them electronically through an OWCP-authorized system. OWCP's Secure Electronic Access Portal (SEAPortal) is an example of such a system. A district director may make an exception to this rule for parties who do not have computers or access to the internet, or who lack the ability to use the internet. When a district director authorizes a party to use an alternative submission method, the party may use any of the methods set forth in the current rule: Postal mail, commercial delivery service, hand delivery, or another method OWCP authorizes. In all instances, documents are considered filed when received by OWCP.

Paragraph (a)(2) provides that OWCP may send documents and information to parties and their representatives by a reliable electronic method (e.g., email), postal mail, commercial delivery service, hand delivery, or electronically through an OWCP-authorized system. These methods are the same as those in the current regulation with one exception. For documents and information OWCP sends via a reliable electronic method, the rule eliminates the requirement that the party or representative must agree in writing to receive documents by that method. OWCP is now routinely obtaining electronic contact information, such as email addresses, from parties and representatives, and plans to increase its use of standard electronic business communication practices. Service of compensation orders, however, is still governed by § 702.349 and thus may be sent electronically only when a party or representative affirmatively waives their statutory right to registered or certified mail service.

Paragraph (a)(3) governs exchange of documents and information between opposing parties and representatives. Like the current rule, the revised provision allows the parties flexibility to choose the method of service they wish to use. They may use the same methods as OWCP, although parties must agree in writing to receive documents by a reliable electronic method. Requiring written confirmation from the recipient continues to protect all parties and representatives from any misunderstandings about service.

Paragraph 702.101(g) is a new provision that allows parties to submit electronically-signed documents to OWCP. The rule is intended to permit the widest possible use of electronic technology. Electronic signatures will be accepted on all submissions to OWCP that require a signature, not merely those non-exhaustive examples listed in the text of the rule.

Paragraph (g)(1) explains how key terms are used in the remainder of the paragraph. A “document” includes both paper and electronic writings. The documents listed in this definition—applications, claim forms, notices of payment, and reports of injury—are meant to serve as examples of the types of documents parties could electronically sign and submit to OWCP, but are not meant to be an exhaustive list. Electronic signatures on other types of documents not listed here will also be accepted by OWCP.

An “electronic signature” is a mark created by electronic means that shows an intent to sign the document. An electronic signature is binding on a business entity only if the signatory has appropriate legal authority to bind the entity.

“Electronic signature devices” are tools parties may use to create electronic signatures. As with documents, the examples of electronic signature devices provided in this paragraph are not an exhaustive list. Parties may utilize other types of electronic signature devices, as long as the device is uniquely usable by the signatory at the time the signature is made. The purpose of this limitation is to ensure the signature's trustworthiness. The definition of “electronic signature programs” is designed to permit the submission of documents electronically signed with third-party software programs such as—but not limited to—AdobeSign, DocuSign, and E-Sign.

The definition of “signatory” is limited to individual, human persons; a corporation or business cannot be a signatory, though a signatory can sign on behalf of a corporation or business. This definition is designed to ensure that if the validity of a signature is challenged, it will be possible for all parties involved to verify who created it.

Paragraph (g)(2) lists the allowable methods for creating and affixing electronic signatures and adds the proviso that OWCP can approve other methods.

Paragraph (g)(3) clarifies that all electronic signatures made on the same document need not be created by the same method; a document could, for example, contain a “/s” signature from a claimant (as specified in paragraph (g)(2)(iii)) and a separate signature from an employer's agent made by drawing a mark with a stylus on a touch-screen (as specified in paragraph (g)(2)(iv)). OWCP recognizes that some of the methods described in paragraph (g)(2) may overlap. For example, an electronic signature program may involve a signatory first logging in through the use of an electronic signature device such as a PIN number, and then typing their name following a “/s” mark. A signature that incorporates multiple acceptable methods is still an acceptable electronic signature. These provisions are designed to be as inclusive as possible while militating against the possibility of abuse or fraud.

Finally, paragraph (g)(4) imposes obligations on parties that submit electronically-signed documents. This subparagraph is designed to mitigate the possibility of a legal challenge to the integrity of a signature or the identity of the signatory. Paragraph (g)(4)(i) is designed to prevent the use of signatures that leave the actual identity of the signatory ambiguous; examples of such signatures might be those that indicate only a PIN, ambiguous username, or email address that is shared by multiple members of a business or other organization. Paragraphs (g)(4)(ii)-(iii) impose record-keeping obligations on parties. By requiring parties to keep information about how and when an electronic signature was created, OWCP ensures that some means of authenticating the signature exists if the document's validity is ever disputed.

The remaining revisions to § 702.101 are technical in nature. Existing paragraphs (c)-(f) are renumbered to (b)-(e), and cross-references to other paragraphs throughout the section have been updated. In addition, because paragraph (a)(2) does not require parties and representatives to consent in writing to receive documents and information from OWCP via reliable electronic methods, paragraph (c) removes the words “OWCP” and “as appropriate” from current paragraph (d). Even though much of § 702.101 remains unchanged, the Department has chosen to re-publish the section in full for the public's convenience.

Section 702.203 Employer's Report; How Given

Section 30 of the Longshore Act, 33 U.S.C. 930, governs how and when employers must report employee injuries and deaths. In general, employers must send reports within 10 days of the injury or death, or knowledge of an injury or death. The Act explicitly allows an employer to comply with the reporting requirement by “mailing” the report “in a stamped envelope, within the time prescribed.” 33 U.S.C. 930(d). Current § 702.203(b), which implements section 30(d), acknowledges this mailing provision and provides that employers may send the reports to OWCP by U.S. Postal mail, commercial delivery service, or electronically. To encourage electronic filing yet preserve the statutory mail provision, revised § 702.203(b) eliminates commercial delivery service as a submission option but retains the mailing provisions. If an employer chooses to mail the report, the rule places the burden on the employer to preserve evidence of the date the report is mailed to OWCP. This could easily be accomplished by using certified mail. Finally, to clarify electronic submission procedures, the rule requires submission via an OWCP-authorized system and includes a cross-reference to revised § 702.101(a)(1). This revision eliminates the use of other electronic transmission methods and the need to specify when filing is complete under those methods.

Section 702.215 Notice; How Given

Section 12 of the Longshore Act, 33 U.S.C. 912, governs how and when employees and survivors give notices of injury or death to employers and OWCP. The Act requires that such notices be given to the district director “by delivering it to him or sending it by mail addressed to his office.” 33 U.S.C. 912(c). Without amendment of current § 702.215, the revisions to § 702.101 would effectively eliminate this statutory mailing option. Current § 702.215 provides that “[n]otice may be given to the district director by submitting a copy of the form supplied by OWCP to the district director, or orally in person or by telephone.” The “submitting” language brings to bear the transmission methods specified in § 702.101. See 20 CFR 702.101(e); 48 CFR 12921 (March 12, 2015). Since revised § 702.101(a) would require electronic filing of these notices, OWCP has amended § 702.215 to preserve the option of filing by mail in compliance with the Act. The rule makes clear that employees and survivors may also file these notices electronically through an OWCP-authorized system.

B. Regulations Pertaining to Settlements

Section 702.241 Settlements: Definitions; General Information

Revised § 702.241 contains basic information about settlements under section 8(i) of the Longshore Act, 33 U.S.C. 908(i). Paragraph (a) retains the current definition of the term “Adjudicator,” adds a definition for “Compensation case,” and includes the definition for “Counsel” located in current § 702.241(h). Paragraph (b) sets out several basic concepts: That an adjudicator must approve all settlements; the types of compensation, fees, and costs that a settlement may include; the “inadequate” and “procured by duress” standard applied in reviewing settlements; and, where all parties are represented by counsel, that the settlement is deemed approved 30 days after receipt of a completed application unless an adjudicator requests additional information or disapproves the application within that time period.

Paragraph (c) specifies when a settlement application is considered received by an adjudicator or higher tribunal. The rule eliminates the provision in current § 702.241(c) allowing settlement applications filed with an administrative law judge to be considered received “five days before the date on which the formal hearing is scheduled to be held.” In OWCP's experience, judges act quickly on settlement applications when received. Removing this provision helps eliminate any confusion parties may have over when a judge will consider their settlement proposal and promote prompt resolution. Paragraph (d) retains the provision in current § 702.241(f) regarding days that count towards the 30-day settlement period. And paragraph (e) retains the provision in current § 702.241(g) that limits settlements to claims in existence at the time of the settlement and provides that settlements for the injured employee do not affect survivors' claims for death benefits.

Additional note: Current § 702.241(b) has been moved to revised § 702.242(e) and revised. Current § 701.241(d) has been moved to revised § 702.243(f) and revised. Current § 701.241(e) has been moved to revised § 702.243(i) and revised.

Section 702.242 Settlement Application; Contents and Submission

Revised § 702.242 sets out the information parties must include in a settlement application and how parties must submit the application. Paragraph (a) simplifies the requirements in current § 702.242(a) by requiring that the parties use an application form prescribed by OWCP. The form is a self-sufficient document that requires all information necessary for a complete application and signatures necessary to indicate agreement to the settlement. The form also apprises claimants of the effect of the settlement (e.g., waiver of rights to further compensation). Using a form should simplify the application process for the parties, who will no longer have to create their own documents. A form also has the advantage of allowing OWCP to adopt technology that will allow full online completion and submission of the settlement application.

Paragraph (a) also lists the components that must be included in the settlement application. In large part, this list reflects the requirements set forth in current § 702.242(a) and (b). Parties are required to include basic facts about the case, amounts to be paid under the settlement, the signatures of the parties agreeing to the settlement and attesting that the settlement is adequate and not procured by duress, and a statement regarding severability of the parts of the settlement, where appropriate.

Paragraph (b) provides that the adjudicator can request any additional information he or she deems necessary to decide whether the settlement is adequate or was procured by duress. This allows the adjudicator to tailor a request for additional information (e.g., a medical report, projections of future medical treatment expenses) to the facts of the particular case. Paragraph (c) limits the adjudicator's consideration to the information in the application, any specific information the adjudicator requests from the parties, and information in the case record when the settlement application is filed.

Paragraphs (d) and (e) prescribe how parties submit completed settlement applications. These provisions require parties to submit applications to the district director except when the case is pending before the OALJ. In that instance, parties may either ask OALJ to remand the case to the district director and then submit the application to the district director after remand or submit the application to OALJ. Parties who submit settlement applications while a case is pending before a higher tribunal—the Benefits Review Board or a court—must submit them to the district director and ask the tribunal to return the case to the district director, who is an adjudicator with the authority to consider the application. These procedures reflect current practice.

Section 702.243 Settlement Approval and Disapproval

Revised § 702.243 governs how settlement applications are reviewed and the consequences of that review. Paragraph (a) requires adjudicators to review the settlement application within 30 days of receipt. During that time period, the adjudicator must notify the parties if the application is incomplete and ask for any additional information as allowed under revised § 702.242(b). The notice must also inform the parties that the 30-day period in revised § 702.241(b) will not begin to run until the adjudicator receives the completed application and additional information. This formulation is consistent with current § 702.243(a), which states that an incomplete application tolls the 30-day time period for deeming the application approved.

Paragraph (b) combines two requirements in current § 702.243(b) and (c) regarding adjudicating a settlement. The adjudicator must issue a compensation order approving or disapproving the settlement application. If the application is disapproved in any part, the adjudicator must include a statement of the reasons for finding the settlement (or part thereof) inadequate or procured by duress. This provision also requires the adjudicator to file and serve the compensation order under the procedures set forth in § 702.349. Although OWCP already follows these procedures, adding a reference to § 702.349 ensures that parties will be able to choose to receive orders on settlements via electronic means rather than by registered or certified mail.

Paragraph (c) instructs adjudicators to consider the information in the settlement application, any additional information the adjudicator requested under revised § 702.242(b), and the parties' attestations in the application in determining whether the proposed settlement is adequate and was procured without duress. The rule also allows the adjudicator to defer to the parties' attestations regarding adequacy and duress. This provision replaces current § 702.243(f)'s more detailed standard for determining whether the settlement amount is adequate, allowing the adjudicator to consider only that information important to the particular case.

Like current § 702.243(e), revised paragraph (d) continues to provide that disapproval of any part of a settlement applies to the entire settlement unless the parties state in the application that they agree to settle various parts independently. OWCP will incorporate this question into the settlement application.

Paragraph (e) sets out the actions parties may take after an adjudicator disapproves a settlement application. When disapproved by a district director, the parties may submit an amended settlement application to the district director or request an administrative law judge hearing on the disapproval. Any party may also ask for an administrative law judge hearing on the merits of the case. Similarly, when disapproved by an administrative law judge, the parties may submit an amended settlement application to the judge, appeal to the Benefits Review Board, or proceed with a hearing on the merits.

Paragraph (f) sets out the circumstances when a settlement is deemed approved. Consistent with section 8(i)(1), 33 U.S.C. 908(i)(1), this regulation applies only when all parties are represented by counsel. If the adjudicator neither approves nor disapproves the settlement application within 30 days after an adjudicator receives a complete application and any additional information the adjudicator requests under revised § 702.242(b), the settlement will be deemed approved.

Paragraph (g) retains the provision in current § 702.243(b) that an employer's and insurance carrier's liability for a compensation case is not discharged until the settlement application is approved. This includes both approvals issued by an adjudicator and those settlements deemed approved under the provisions of this section.

Paragraph (h) addresses the effect of settling attorney fees. The revised rule retains the thrust of the provision in current § 702.241(e): Approval of a settlement application that includes attorney fees constitutes approval of fees for all purposes. Paragraph (h) adds that fees in a settlement application may include fees for services rendered before a different adjudicator or tribunal. This will allow one adjudicator to resolve all fee maters, eliminating any need for the parties to seek fee resolutions from any other adjudicator or tribunal.

Paragraph (i) revises current § 702.243(g) regarding how adjudicators consider settlements in cases being paid under a final compensation order. The current regulation requires adjudicators to disapprove any settlement amount that falls below the present value of compensation payments commuted (as prescribed in the regulation) unless the parties show that the amount is adequate. Revised paragraph (i) expands the adjudicator's discretion by making the comparison between the settlement and commuted amounts permissible rather than mandatory. This will allow the adjudicator more flexibility to ratify the parties' agreement as to the settlement amount. OWCP also has removed from current § 702.243(g) the reference to the U.S. Life Table developed by the Department of Health and Human Services. This table is insufficient because it does not provide life expectancies for people in foreign countries that could be covered by the Longshore Act or its extensions, particularly the Defense Base Act. Revised paragraph (i) instead allows OWCP to specify the life expectancy tables or calculators to be used under this provision.

C. Regulations Related to Civil Money Penalties

Section 702.204 Employer's Report; Penalty for Failure To Furnish or For Falsifying

Revised § 702.204 revises the current regulation in several ways. First, paragraph (a)(1) defines a knowing or willful violation sufficient to impose a penalty. Paragraph (c) provides that the number of penalties assessed in the prior two years against an entity- including its parent company, subsidiaries, or related entities-will be considered in assessing further penalties. Paragraph (c) also lists the penalty amounts that will be imposed, beginning at two percent of the maximum penalty amount for a first violation, with the penalty doubling for each subsequent violation through the sixth violation. The seventh violation will result in the maximum penalty. OWCP has adopted a percentage scheme because the maximum penalty amount will be adjusted every year under the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, as amended by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015, Public Law 114-74, 701.

Section 702.233 Additional Compensation for Failure To Pay Without an Award

OWCP has substituted the phrase “additional compensation” for the word “penalty” in current § 702.233's title (i.e., “Penalty for failure to pay an award”). Section 702.233 implements section 14(e) of the Act, 33 U.S.C. 914(e), which provides that claimants are entitled to an additional 10 percent of any compensation payable without an award when not paid within 14 days of when it is due. The Board has held that payments under section 14(e) are “compensation” and not “penalties.” Robirds v. ICTSI Oregon, Inc., 52 BRBS 79 (2019) (en banc); appeal docketed Ninth Cir. No. 19-1634. In reaching its conclusion, the Board relied on the Federal Circuit's decision in Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc. v. Dalton, 119 F.3d 972, 979 (Fed. Cir. 1997), which held that payments under section 14(e) are compensation. The majority of courts have also construed the similar language in section 14(f) of the Act, 33 U.S.C. 914(f) (requiring payment of additional 20 percent for late payments under terms of an award), as payments of “compensation” rather than a penalty. See Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co. v. Brown, 376 F.3d 245, 251 (4th Cir. 2004) (“[I]t is plain that an award for late payment under [section] 14(f) is compensation.”); Tahara v. Matson Terminals, Inc., 511 F.3d 950, 953-54 (9th Cir. 2007) (same); but see Burgo v. General Dynamics Corp., 122 F.3d 140, 145-46 (2d Cir. 1997). Using “additional compensation” in the title of § 702.233 promotes accuracy and clarifies the instances in which the new penalty procedures apply.

Section 702.236 Penalty for Failure To Report Termination of Payments

Current § 702.236 has been revised to incorporate the penalty procedural rules in new Subpart I.

Section 702.271 Discrimination Against Employees Who Bring Proceedings; Prohibition

Current § 702.271 has been revised by dividing paragraph (a) into paragraphs (a) and (b), and renumbering the subdivisions of paragraph (a), for clarity. Current paragraph (a)(2) is deleted and replaced by revised § 702.273, which sets forth the range of penalties to be assessed and incorporates the penalty procedural rules in new Subpart I. Given this change, the words “and penalty” have been deleted from the section's title and the punctuation has been altered. Current paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) are redesignated (c), (d), and (e).

Section 702.273 Penalty for Discrimination

Revised § 702.273 replaces current § 702.271(a)(2). It sets forth the range of penalties for discharge or discrimination, and incorporates the penalty procedural rules in new Subpart I. The rule also stays proceedings on any penalty assessed by the district director prior to a hearing until the Administrative Law Judge or higher tribunal resolves the underlying discrimination complaint.

Section 702.901 Scope of This Part

New § 702.901 provides that the procedures set forth in Subpart I apply when the district director imposes civil monetary penalties under §§ 702.204, 702.236, or 702.273, and that any penalties collected are to be deposited into the special fund described in 33 U.S.C. 944.

Section 702.902 Definitions

New § 702.902 defines “respondent” as the employer, insurance carrier, or self-insured employer against whom the district director is seeking to assess a penalty.

Section 702.903 Notice of Penalty; Response; Consequences of no Response

New § 702.903 governs OWCP's notice of any penalty assessed and the respondent's response. Paragraph (a) requires OWCP to serve a written notice on the respondent by a method that verifies the delivery date because date of receipt triggers the respondent's response period. Paragraph (b) prescribes the contents of the notice, which include the consequences of not responding to the notice or supplying an inadequate response. Paragraph (c) gives the respondent 30 days to respond with documentation regarding any facts relevant to the reason for the penalty, as well as any documentation that may lead to mitigation of the penalty amount under the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 (note), if the penalty arises under § 702.236. Paragraph (d) provides that, if there are further proceedings before an administrative law judge, that judge may consider only the evidence submitted to the district director, unless exceptional circumstances prevented the respondent from submitting it to the district director. OWCP has adopted this restriction so that OWCP can evaluate all evidence the respondent wishes to introduce in assessing the penalty. Finally, paragraph (e) provides that if the respondent does not respond within 30 days, the assessment of the penalty and its amount becomes final and collection may begin under § 702.912.

Section 702.904 Decision on Penalty After Timely Response; Request for Hearing

New § 702.904 addresses the district director's decision and any appeal to an administrative law judge. Paragraph (a) provides that the district director's decision must state the reasons for the assessment of the penalty and its amount, and set forth the consequences of a respondent's failure to timely respond. Paragraph (b) provides that the respondent may request a hearing before an administrative law judge within 15 days of receiving the decision by filing a request with the district director, and sets forth the requirements the request must meet. Paragraph (c) provides that a timely hearing request will stay the collection of a penalty until final resolution of the penalty by the administrative law judge or the Secretary. Paragraph (d) provides that, if the respondent does not request a hearing within 15 days, the assessment and penalty become final, and collection of the penalty may be instituted under § 702.912.

Section 702.905 Referral to the Office of Administrative Law Judges

New § 702.905 addresses referral of an assessment and penalty for a hearing before an administrative law judge. Paragraph (a) provides that, when the district director receives a request for hearing, the district director will immediately notify the Chief Administrative Law Judge, who will assign the case to an administrative law judge. The district director will also forward the administrative record, which consists of the district director's decision, the documentation the district director relied on in making the decision, all written responses and documentation filed by the respondent with the district director, and a statement of the issues referred for hearing. Paragraph (b) provides that the rules set forth in 29 CFR part 18 apply to any hearing before an administrative law judge.

Section 702.906 Decision and Order of Administrative Law Judge

New § 702.906 governs the contents, issuance, service, and finality of the administrative law judge's decision. Paragraph (a) provides that the administrative law judge may consider only the issues referred for hearing by the district director. Paragraph (b) limits the administrative law judge's determinations on those issues to whether the respondent has violated the provision under which the penalty was assessed, and whether the penalty is appropriate under the standards set forth in §§ 702.204, 702.236, 702.271, and 702.903(c)(2). Limiting the judge's consideration to these issues will help streamline the hearing and decision process. Paragraph (c) requires the administrative law judge's decision to include a statement of findings and conclusions on each issue referred, with the reasons and bases for those findings and conclusions. Paragraph (d) requires the administrative law judge to serve both the respondent and the district director with the decision on the day it is issued through a trackable delivery method. Paragraph (e) provides that any party may move for reconsideration of the decision within 30 days of its issuance, and that any such motion will suspend the running of time to file a petition for review under § 702.908. Paragraph (f) provides that, absent a timely request for reconsideration or petition for review, the administrative law judge's decision will be deemed final, and recovery of the penalty may be instituted under § 702.912.

Section 702.908 Review by the Secretary

New § 702.908 allows any party aggrieved by an administrative law judge's decision to petition the Secretary for review. Paragraph (a) requires that any petition be filed within 30 days. Under paragraph (b), a timely motion for reconsideration filed with the administrative law judge tolls the time for filing a petition with the Secretary; the 30-day period will not begin to run until the judge issues a decision on reconsideration. Paragraph (c) sets out the requirements for the petition for review. And paragraph (d) provides the mailing address for sending the petition but allows the Secretary to designate alternative filing methods, such as an electronic filing system. Documents are not considered filed until actually received by the Secretary.

Section 702.909 Discretionary Review

New § 702.909(a) provides that the Secretary's review of a timely petition is discretionary. Paragraph (a)(1) provides that, if the Secretary declines review, the administrative law judge's decision will be considered the final agency decision. Under paragraph (b)(2), if the Secretary chooses to review the decision, the Secretary will notify the parties of the issues to be reviewed and set a schedule for the parties to submit written arguments. Paragraph (b) requires the district director to forward the administrative record to the Secretary if the Secretary decides to review the administrative law judge's decision.

Section 702.910 Final Decision of the Secretary

New § 702.910 limits the Secretary's review to the hearing record. The Secretary will review findings of fact under a substantial evidence standard and conclusions of law de novo. The Secretary may affirm, reverse, modify, or vacate the decision, and may remand to the Office of Administrative Law Judges for further review. The Secretary's decision must be served on all parties and the Chief Administrative Law Judge.

Section 702.911 Settlement of Penalty

New § 702.911 provides that the respondent and the district director may enter into a settlement at any time during proceedings before the administrative law judge or the Secretary. This provision is meant to allow flexibility and forestall further litigation if the district director and the respondent reach agreement at any point during the proceedings.

Section 702.912 Collection and Recovery of a Penalty

Paragraph (a) of new § 702.912 provides that, when a penalty becomes final under §§ 702.903(e), 702.904(d), or 702.906(f), the penalty is immediately due and payable to the Department on behalf of the special fund described in 33 U.S.C. 944. Paragraph (b) provides that, if payment is not received within 30 days after it becomes due and payable, it may be recovered by a civil action brought by the Secretary.

V. Legal Basis for the Rule

Section 39(a) of the LHWCA, 33 U.S.C. 939(a)(1), authorizes the Secretary of Labor to prescribe rules and regulations necessary for the administration of the Act. The LHWCA also grants the Secretary authority to determine by regulation how certain statutory notice and filing requirements are met. See 33 U.S.C. 907(j)(1) (the Secretary is authorized to “make rules and regulations and to establish procedures” regarding debarment of physicians and health care providers under 33 U.S.C. 907(c)); 33 U.S.C. 912(c) (employer must notify employees of the official designated to receive notices of injury “in a manner prescribed by the Secretary in regulations”); 33 U.S.C. 919(a) (claim for compensation may be filed “in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary”); 33 U.S.C. 919(b) (notice of claim to be made “in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary”); 33 U.S.C. 935 (“the Secretary shall by regulation provide for the discharge, by the carrier,” of the employer's liabilities under the Act). This rule falls well within these statutory grants of authority.

VI. Information Collection Requirements (Subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act) Imposed Under the Rule

The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., and its attendant regulations, 5 CFR part 1320, require that the Department consider the impact of paperwork and other information collection burdens imposed on the public. A Federal agency generally cannot conduct or sponsor a collection of information, and the public is generally not required to respond to an information collection, unless it is approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the PRA and displays a currently valid OMB Control Number. In addition, notwithstanding any other provisions of law, no person shall generally be subject to penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information that does not display a valid Control Number. See 5 CFR 1320.5(a) and 1320.6.

All forms and documents currently approved by OMB are subject to electronic submission except when a party obtains permission from OWCP to use a different submission method or otherwise provided by statute. The Department has submitted an Information Collection Request (ICR) for all of these forms under the procedures for review and clearance contained in 5 CFR 1320.13. The Exchange of Documents and Information; Electronic Signatures Rule (see new § 702.101) does not materially change any other ICR with regard to the information collected, but does change the manner in which forms that collect information may be submitted. The Department is requiring private parties to use an electronic method for the transmission of information to OWCP.

The collection of information requirements are contained within ICRs assigned the following OMB control numbers: 1240-0003, 1240-0004, 1240-0005, 1240-0008, 1240-0012, 1240-0014, 1240-0025, 1240-0026, 1240-0029, 1240-0036, 1240-0040, 1240-0041, 1240-0042, 1240-0045 1240-0053, and 1240-0058. The regulatory sections specifying the submission procedures are found in the following sections: 20 CFR 702.111, 702.121, 702.132, 702.162, 702.174, 702.175, 702.201, 702.202, 702.221, 702.234, 702.235, 702.236, 702.242, 702.243, 702.251, 702.285, 702.317, 702.321, 702.349, 702.407, 702.419, 703.116, 703.203, 703.204, 703.205, 703.209, 703.210, 703.212, 703.303 and 703.310. See also 42 U.S.C. 1652.

Although the rule does not eliminate current methods of submission for these collections by mail where consistent with statute, the parties will have to submit more documents electronically. OWCP anticipates electronic submission will lead to cost savings in hours and mailing costs (envelopes and postage) for the parties. Given the response rate for each of the existing collections, current combined mailing costs are estimated at $118,657. Under this new rule, the Department anticipates a 97 percent rate of electronic submission, an accompanying reduction in postal mail submission, and a resulting cost savings of $115,097. The Department has submitted a request to OMB for a non-substantive change for each existing ICR cited above to obtain approval for the changed cost estimate resulting from electronic submission.

This rule imposes two new information collections. First, revised § 702.201(a)(1)(i) generally requires parties and their representatives to submit documents and information electronically to OWCP. But the rule allows an OWCP district director to allow an alternative filing method for individuals who do not have a computer, access to the internet, or the ability to use the internet. OWCP plans to use a new form that will allow individuals to self-certify that they qualify for this exception. For this form, OWCP estimates 3,048 respondents with an annual time burden of 254 hours. Because this form will only be used when other documents are being submitted, there is no additional cost burden. Second, revised § 702.242 requires parties to apply for approval of a settlement using an application form prescribed by OWCP. As explained in the section-by-section analysis above, OWCP believes use of a comprehensive form will lessen the burdens on the parties and the adjudicators who must review the settlements. Although OWCP already has an approved settlement application form (see OMB control number 1240-0058, Form LS-8), the new form will collect some additional information in a substantially revised format. For this form, OWCP estimates 5,400 respondents with an annual time burden of 1,782 hours and other costs burden of $289.17. The Department has submitted a request to OMB for approval of both new information collections.

The submitted ICRs for the new collections imposed by this rule will be available for public inspection for at least 30 days under the “Currently Under Review” portion of the Information Collection Review section on the reginfo.gov website, available at: http://www.reginfo.gov/​public/​do/​PRAMain. Currently approved information collections are available for public inspection under the “Current Inventory” portion of the same website.

Request for Comments: As part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, the Department conducts a pre-clearance consultation program to provide the general public and Federal agencies an opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing collections of information. This program helps to ensure requested data can be provided in the desired format, reporting burden (time and financial resources) is minimized, collection instruments are clearly understood, and the impact of collection requirements can be properly assessed. Comments on the information collection requirements may be submitted to the Department in the same manner as for any other portion of this rule.

In addition to having an opportunity to file comments with the agency, the PRA provides that an interested party may file comments on the information collection requirements directly with the Office of Management and Budget, at Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attn: OMB Desk Officer for DOL-OWCP Office of Management and Budget, Room 10235, 725 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20503; by Fax: 202-395-5806 (this is not a toll-free number); or by email: OIRA_submission@omb.eop.gov. Commenters are encouraged, but not required, to send a courtesy copy of any comments to the general addressee for this rulemaking. The OMB will consider all written comments it receives within 30 days of publication of this DFR in the Federal Register. To help ensure appropriate consideration, comments should mention at least one of the OMB control numbers noted in this section.

The OMB and the Department are particularly interested in comments that address the following:

• Evaluate whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information will have practical utility;
• Evaluate the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information, including the validity of the methodology and assumptions used;
• Enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and
• Minimize the burden of the collection of information on those who are to respond, through the use of appropriate automated, electronic, or other technological collection techniques or other forms of information technology, e.g., permitting electronic submission of responses.

The information collections in this rule may be summarized as follows:

1. Title of Collection: Employer's First Report of Injury or Occupational Disease, Employer's Supplementary Report of Accident or Occupational Illness.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0003.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 24,631.

Total Estimated Annual Time Burden: 6,158 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $232.76.

2. Title of Collection: Carrier's Report of Issuance of Policy.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0004.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 1,500.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 25 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.47.

3. Title of Collection: Securing Financial Obligations Under the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act and its Extensions.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0005.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 695.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 869 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $12.08.

4. Title of Collection: Regulations Governing the Administration of the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0014.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 90,759.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 32,971 hours.

Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $786.09.

5. Title of Collection: Request for Earnings Information.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0025.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 100.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 25 hours.

Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.95.

6. Title of Collection: Application for Continuation of Death Benefit for Student.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0026.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 20.

Total Estimated Annual Time Burden: 10 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.19.

7. Title of Collection: Request for Examination and/or Treatment.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0029.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 90,000.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 48,750 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $2,532,816.

8. Title of Collection: Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act Pre-Hearing Statement.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0036.

Total Est. Number of Responses: 3,513.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 586 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $61.13.

9. Title of Collection: Certification of Funeral Expenses.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0040.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 75.

Total Estimated Annual Time Burden: 19 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.71.

10. Title of Collection: Notice of Final Payment or Suspension of Compensation Benefits.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0041.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 37,800.

Total Estimated Annual Time Burden: 6,300 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $357.21.

11. Title of Collection: Notice of Controversion of Right to Compensation.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0042.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 18,000.

Total Estimated Annual Time Burden: 4,500 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $295.97.

12. Title of Collection: Request for Electronic Service of Orders—Waiver of Certified Mail Requirement.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0053.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 14,000.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 770 hours.

Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.00.

13. Title of Collection: Request for Intervention, Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0058.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 12,414.

Total Estimated Annual Time Burden: 3,189 hours.

Total Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $342.91.

14. Title of Collection: Rehabilitation Plan and Award.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0045.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 3,913.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 1,957 hours.

Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: 0.00.

15. Title of Collection: Rehabilitation Maintenance Certificate.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0012.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 3,452.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 575 hours.

Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.00.

16. Title of Collection: Rehabilitation Action Report.

OMB Control Number: 1240-0008.

Total Estimated Number of Responses: 4,066.

Estimated Annual Time Burden: 678 hours.

Estimated Annual Other Costs Burden: $0.00.

VII. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 (Regulatory Planning and Review)

Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess all costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety effects, distributive impacts, and equity). Executive Order 13563 emphasizes the importance of quantifying both costs and benefits, reducing costs, harmonizing rules, and promoting flexibility. The Department has considered this rule with these principles in mind and has concluded that the regulated community will benefit from this regulation for several reasons.

Requiring most parties and representatives to submit documents electronically to OWCP will speed claims processing and allow OWCP to be more responsive to requests for assistance. Currently, OWCP must scan paper submissions into digital format and add them to the electronic case file before claims staff can take any action on them. When coupled with the time to deliver paper submissions to OWCP, this can delay responding to a request by several days. In contrast, electronic submissions are immediately associated with the case file and available to claims staff. Codifying the use of digital signatures in the regulations will also simplify electronic and even paper submissions (when allowed).

Similarly, streamlining the settlement process by limiting the amount of information the parties must submit with every application will reduce administrative burdens on both the parties and OWCP. All of these changes will result in more expeditious resolution of disputes, thus furthering the “certain, prompt recovery for employees” the Act guarantees. Roberts v. Sea-Land Servs., Inc., 556 U.S. 93, 97; 132 S.Ct. 1350, 1354 (2012).

The Department does not believe parties will incur additional costs as a result of the revisions to the electronic submission of documents and information regulation and may see a small financial benefit. As noted, more than 80 percent of documents currently sent to OWCP are submitted electronically. For these parties and representatives, no change in their current practices will be needed. Although the parties and representatives who currently submit paper documents will have to alter their practice, these alterations may result in cost savings by reducing paper copying charges and mailing or delivery expenses. Even if parties and representatives incurred minimal additional costs, they would be outweighed by the benefits reaped—primarily more expeditious claims processing and delivery of compensation.

The Department also believes that promulgating procedural rules related to civil money penalties benefits employers (and their insurance carriers) against whom OWCP may assess penalties. Currently, the regulations contain no set procedures for employers to challenge penalties, which can lead to procedural decisions being made on a case-by-case basis. The new rules establish a transparent and consistent pathway for assessment and adjudication of penalties: Clear notice of the penalty and an opportunity to contest it before imposed by OWCP; hearing by an administrative law judge upon request; discretionary review by the Secretary; and a stay of payment for the penalty assessed until review is complete and the decision becomes final. These procedures clearly protect an employer's rights to be fully heard before having to pay a penalty.

Finally, because this is not a “significant regulatory action” within the meaning of Executive Order 12866, the Office of Management and Budget has not reviewed it prior to publication.

VIII. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) directs agencies to assess the effects of Federal regulatory actions on state, local, and tribal governments, and the private sector, “other than to the extent that such regulations incorporate requirements specifically set forth in law.” This rule does not include any Federal mandate that may result in increased expenditures by state, local, and tribal governments, or increased expenditures by the private sector of more than $100,000,000.

IX. Regulatory Flexibility Act and Executive Order 13272 (Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking)

The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) (RFA), requires an agency to prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis when it proposes or adopts regulations that will have “a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities” or to certify that the regulations will have no such impact, and to make the analysis or certification available for public comment.

The Department has determined that a regulatory flexibility analysis under the RFA is not required for this rulemaking. While many longshore employers and a handful of insurance carriers may be small entities within the meaning of the RFA, see generally 77 FR 19471-72 (March 30, 2012), this rule will not have a significant economic impact on them. Most employers and insurance carriers already submit documents and information to OWCP electronically, and electronic filing is usually associated with slightly lower costs than traditional paper filings. Thus, mandating electronic submission will have little to no impact on these parties. Similarly, streamlining the settlement-application submission process will have no negative economic impact and a potentially small positive impact on employers and carriers. Finally, the regulations related to penalties generally set procedures with no economic impact. To the extent the rules affect the penalty amount assessed by OWCP, the rules explicitly take into account small entities by incorporating the mitigation provisions in section 223 of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 (note), where appropriate. See new § 702.903(c)(2).

Based on these facts, the Department certifies that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Thus, a regulatory flexibility analysis is not required. The Department, however, invites comments from members of the public who believe the regulations will have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small longshore employers or insurers. The Department has provided the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration with a copy of this certification. See 5 U.S.C. 605.

X. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)

The Department has reviewed this rule in accordance with Executive Order 13132 regarding federalism, and has determined that it does not have “federalism implications.” The rule will not “have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government,” if promulgated as a final rule.

XI. Executive Order 12988 (Civil Justice Reform)

This rule meets the applicable standards in sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform, to minimize litigation, eliminate ambiguity, and reduce burden.

List of Subjects in 20 CFR Part 702

• Administrative practice and procedure
• Claims
• Longshore and harbor workers
• Maximum compensation rates
• Minimum compensation rates
• Workers' compensation

For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the Department of Labor amends 20 CFR part 702 as follows:

PART 702—ADMINISTRATION AND PROCEDURE

1. The authority citation for part 702 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301, and 8171 et seq.; 33 U.S.C. 901 et seq.; 42 U.S.C. 1651 et seq.; 43 U.S.C. 1333; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note (Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990); Pub. L. 114-74 at sec. 701; Reorganization Plan No. 6 of 1950, 15 FR 3174, 64 Stat. 1263; Secretary's Order 10-2009, 74 FR 58834.

2. Revise § 702.101 to read as follows:

3. Revise § 702.203(b) to read as follows:

4. Revise § 702.204 to read as follows:

5. Revise § 702.215 to read as follows:

6. Revise the section heading of § 702.233 to read as follows:

7. Revise § 702.236 to read as follows:

8. Revise § 702.241 to read as follows:

9. Revise § 702.242 to read as follows:

10. Revise § 702.243 to read as follows:

11. In § 702.271:

a. Revise the section heading and paragraph (a);

b. Redesignate paragraphs (b) through (d) as (c) through (e); and

c. Add new paragraph (b).

The revisions and addition read as follows:

12. Revise § 702.273 to read as follows:

13. In part 702, add subpart I to read as follows:

Subpart I—Procedures for Civil Money Penalties