Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those comprising subsecs. (a) to (d) of this section were contained in Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1174, 1176, which was classified to former sections 1601(a)(2) and 1611(a)(1), and 1601(a)(3), (5), and (6) of this title, respectively, prior to repeal by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 89–358.

Amendments

2017—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–48 substituted ", national tests providing" for "and national tests providing" and inserted before period at end ", and national tests that evaluate prior learning and knowledge and provides an opportunity for course credit at an institution of higher learning".

2013—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 112–239 substituted "any small business development center described in section 21 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 648), insofar as such center offers, sponsors, or cosponsors an entrepreneurship course, as that term is defined in section 3675(c)(2)." for "any of the following entities insofar as such entity offers, sponsors, or cosponsors an entrepreneurship course (as defined in section 3675(c)(2) of this title):

"(1) Any small business development center described in section 21 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 648).

"(2) The National Veterans Business Development Corporation (established under section 33 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 657c))."

2006—Subsec. (a)(3)(C). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve".

2004—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–454, §106(a), inserted at end "Such term also includes national tests for admission to institutions of higher learning or graduate schools (such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), Law School Admission Test (LSAT), Graduate Record Exam (GRE), and Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)) and national tests providing an opportunity for course credit at institutions of higher learning (such as the Advanced Placement (AP) exam and College-Level Examination Program (CLEP))."

Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 108–454, §110(a), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "A joint apprenticeship committee established pursuant to the Act of August 16, 1937, popularly known as the 'National Apprenticeship Act' (29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.)."

2003—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–183, §305(c), inserted at end "Such term also includes any course, or combination of courses, offered by a qualified provider of entrepreneurship courses."

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–183, §305(d), inserted at end "Such term also includes any qualified provider of entrepreneurship courses."

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 108–183, §301(a), substituted "means any of the following:" and pars. (1) to (6) for "means any establishment providing apprentice or other training on the job, including those under the supervision of a college or university or any State department of education, or any State apprenticeship agency, or any State board or vocational education, or any joint apprenticeship committee, or the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training established pursuant to the Act of August 16, 1937, popularly known as the 'National Apprenticeship Act' (29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.), or any agency of the Federal Government authorized to supervise such training."

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 108–183, §305(e), added subsec. (h).

2001—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 107–14, §8(a)(4)(A)(i), struck out "or" at end.

Subsec. (a)(1)(C). Pub. L. 107–14, §8(a)(4)(A)(ii), substituted "subparagraph (B)" for "clause (B) of this paragraph".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 107–14, §8(a)(4)(B), substituted "subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1)" for "paragraph (1)(A) or (B)" and "180 days" for "one hundred and eighty days".

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 107–14, §8(a)(4)(C), substituted "section 12103(d) of title 10" for "section 511(d) of title 10".

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–103 inserted at end "Such term also includes any private entity (that meets such requirements as the Secretary may establish) that offers, either directly or under an agreement with another entity (that meets such requirements), a course or courses to fulfill requirements for the attainment of a license or certificate generally recognized as necessary to obtain, maintain, or advance in employment in a profession or vocation in a high technology occupation (as determined by the Secretary)."

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–14, §8(a)(4)(D), substituted "the Act of August 16, 1937, popularly known as the 'National Apprenticeship Act' (29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.)," for "chapter 4C of title 29,".

2000—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–419 inserted at end "Such term also includes licensing or certification tests, the successful completion of which demonstrates an individual's possession of the knowledge or skill required to enter into, maintain, or advance in employment in a predetermined and identified vocation or profession, provided such tests and the licensing or credentialing organizations or entities that offer such tests are approved by the Secretary in accordance with section 3689 of this title."

1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–275 substituted "Such" for "For the period ending on September 30, 1996, such".

1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–446 inserted at end "For the period ending on September 30, 1996, such term includes any entity that provides training required for completion of any State-approved alternative teacher certification program (as determined by the Secretary)."

1991—Pub. L. 102–83, §5(a), renumbered section 1652 of this title as this section.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 102–83, §5(c)(1), substituted "3461(a)" for "1661(a)".

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 102–83, §5(c)(1), substituted "3675" for "1775".

1982—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–295 substituted "section 7(i)(1) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(i)(1))" for "402(a) of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2902(a))".

1980—Pub. L. 96–466, §801(a)(1), inserted "and chapter 36 of this title" after "chapter" in introductory text.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–466, §801(a)(2), substituted "The" for "For the purposes of this chapter and chapter 36 of this title, the".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–466, §§307(a), 801(a)(2), substituted "The" for "For the purposes of this chapter and chapter 36 of this title, the" and inserted provision including within "institution of higher learning" an educational institution which is not located in a State, which offers a course leading to a standard college degree, or the equivalent, and which is recognized as such by the secretary of education (or comparable official) of the country or other jurisdiction in which the institution is located.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–466, §801(a)(2), (3), substituted "The" for "For the purposes of this chapter and chapter 36 of this title, the" and "Secretary of Education" for "Commissioner of Education".

1976—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 94–502, §402(1), restricted the definition of an eligible veteran to a veteran who commenced his active duty requirement after Jan. 31, 1955 but before Jan. 1, 1977, with the exception of a veteran who enlisted or was assigned to a reserve component before Jan. 1, 1977 and commenced his active duty requirement within 12 months following Jan. 1, 1977.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 94–502, §§211(1), 402(2), substituted "such individual" for "he" and inserted "or (B)" after "paragraph (1)(A)".

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 94–502, §211(1), substituted "spouse" for "wife".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 94–502, §210(1), struck out "United States Code," after "chapter 4C of title 29,".

Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 94–502, §202, added subsecs. (f) and (g).

1974—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 93–508 substituted "Coast Guard Reserve unless at some time subsequent to the completion of such period of active duty for training such individual served on active duty for a consecutive period of one year or more (not including any service as a cadet or midshipman at one of the service academies)" for "Coast Guard Reserve".

1970—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 91–584, §10(1), substituted "more than one hundred eighty days" for "at least two years".

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91–584, §10(2), expanded the definition of "program of education" to include unit course or subject, or combination of courses or subjects, pursued by eligible veterans at an educational institution, required by the Administrator of the Small Business Administration as a condition to obtaining financial assistance under section 2902(a) of title 42.

Pub. L. 91–219, §201(a), provided that a program of education may include more than one predetermined and identified educational, professional, or vocational objective if all the objectives pursued are generally recognized as being reasonably related to single career field.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–219, §201(b), included within the term "educational institution" any public or private "elementary" school, and substituted "other institution furnishing education for adults", for "any other institution if it furnishes education at the secondary school level or above".

1967—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 90–77 added subsec. (e).

Effective Date of 2017 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 115–48 applicable to a test taken on or after Aug. 1, 2018, see section 108(d) of Pub. L. 115–48, set out as a note under section 3315 of this title.

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Pub. L. 108–183, title III, §301(b), Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2658, provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date that is six months after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 16, 2003] and shall apply to self-employment on-job training approved and pursued on or after that date."

Pub. L. 108–183, title III, §305(f), Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2661, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 3471 and 3675 of this title] shall apply to courses approved by State approving agencies after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 16, 2003]."

Effective Date of 2001 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–103, title I, §110(b), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 986, provided that: "The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section and section 3501 of this title] shall apply to enrollments in courses beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 27, 2001]."

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–419 effective Mar. 1, 2001, and applicable with respect to licensing and certification tests approved by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs on or after such date, see section 122(d) of Pub. L. 106–419, set out as a note under section 3032 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Pub. L. 96–466, title VIII, §802(c), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2218, provided that:

"(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by title III [see Tables for classification] shall become effective on October 1, 1980.

"(2) Paragraph (2) of section 1691(a) [probably means 1691(b), now 3491(b)] of title 38, United States Code, as added by section 311(2), shall not apply to any person receiving educational assistance under chapter 34 of title 38, United States Code, on October 1, 1980, for the pursuit of a program of education, as defined in section 1652(b) [now 3452(b)] of such title, in which such person is enrolled on that date, for as long as such person continuously thereafter is so enrolled and meets the requirements of eligibility for such assistance for pursuit of such program."

Pub. L. 96–466, title VIII, §802(h), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2219, provided that: "Section 801 [see Tables for classification] shall become effective on October 1, 1980."

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Amendment by sections 202, 210(1), and 211(1) of Pub. L. 94–502 effective Oct. 15, 1976, see section 703(b) of Pub. L. 94–502, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3693 of this title.

Amendment by section 402 of Pub. L. 94–502 effective Jan. 1, 1977, see section 406 of Pub. L. 94–502, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3201 of this title.

Effective Date of 1974 Amendment

Section 503 of Pub. L. 93–508 provided that: "Titles II and IV of this Act [see Tables for classification] shall become effective on the date of their enactment [Dec. 3, 1974]."

Effective Date of 1967 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 90–77 effective first day of first calendar month which begins more than ten days after Aug. 31, 1967, see section 405 of Pub. L. 90–77, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

Transfer of Functions

For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.