StacksVerified U.S. regulatory reference

40 CFR §239.9

Verified against eCFR.gov as of June 20, 2026View official text on eCFR.gov ↗
Any state seeking approval must provide for intervention in the state civil enforcement process by providing either:
  1. (a)Authority that allows intervention, as a right, in any civil action to obtain remedies specified in § 239.8 by any citizen having an interest that is or may be adversely affected; or,
  2. (b)Assurance by the appropriate state agency that:
    1. (1)It will provide notice and opportunity for public involvement in all proposed settlements of civil enforcement actions (except where immediate action is necessary to adequately protect human health and the environment); and,
    2. (2)It will investigate and provide responses to citizen complaints about violations; and,
    3. (3)It will not oppose citizen intervention when permissive intervention is allowed by statute, rule, or regulation.