References in Text

The General Insurance Fund, referred to in text, was established by section 1735c of this title.

Section 1720 of this title, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(ii)(II), (4)(ii)(II) was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, §483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1240.

The United States Housing Act of 1937, and "such act", referred to in subsecs. (d)(3), (h)(5)(F), (6)(D), is act Sept. 1, 1937, ch. 896, as revised generally by Pub. L. 93–383, title II, §201(a), Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 653, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§1437 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1437 of Title 42 and Tables.

Section 110 of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C. 1460], referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(iii), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 5316 of Title 42, which terminated authority to make grants or loans under title I of that Act [42 U.S.C. 1450 et seq.] after Jan. 1, 1975.

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (f), was in the original "this Act", meaning act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, 48 Stat. 1246, which is classified principally to this chapter (§1701 et seq.). For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Section 1701q of this title, referred to in subsec. (f), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–625, title VIII, §801(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4297, and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions related to handicapped persons.

The Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 93–288, May 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 143, as amended, known as the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, which is classified principally to chapter 68 (§5121 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5121 of Title 42 and Tables.

Section 201 of the Housing and Community Development Amendments of 1978, referred to in subsec. (f), is section 201 of Pub. L. 95–557, title II, Oct. 31, 1978, 92 Stat. 2084, as amended, which enacted section 1715z–1a of this title and amended section 1715z–1 of this title.

Subsection (h) of section 1710 of this title, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), was redesignated subsec. (i) by Pub. L. 105–276, title VI, §602(1), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2674.

Subsection (k) of section 1710 of this title, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–276, title VI, §601(c), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2673.

The Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (g)(4)(C), is title II of Pub. L. 100–242, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1877, which, as amended by Pub. L. 101–625, is known as the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990. Subtitles A and B of title II, which were formerly set out as a note under this section and which amended section 1715z–6 of this title, were amended generally by Pub. L. 101–625 and are classified to subchapter I (§4101 et seq.) of chapter 42 of this title. Subtitles C and D of title II amended section 1715z–15 of this title and sections 1437f, 1472, 1485, and 1487 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Another subtitle C of title II of Pub. L. 100–242, as added by Pub. L. 102–550, is classified generally to subchapter II (§4141 et seq.) of chapter 42 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4101 of this title and Tables.

Section 8211 of title 42, referred to in subsec. (k), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989.

Codification

In subsec. (g)(4)(A), "November 30, 1983," was substituted for "the effective date of this clause", meaning the date of enactment of Pub. L. 98–181.

Amendments

2007—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii)(II), (4)(ii)(II). Pub. L. 110–161 substituted "170 percent" for "140 percent" after "not to exceed" in two places and "215 percent in high cost areas" for "170 percent in high cost areas".

2003—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii)(II), (4)(ii)(II). Pub. L. 108–186 substituted "140 percent in" for "110 percent in" and inserted ", or 170 percent in high cost areas," after "and by not to exceed 140 percent".

2002—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 107–326, §5(b)(4), inserted "(I)" after "(ii)" and substituted "; (II) the Secretary may, by regulation, increase any of the dollar amount limitations in subclause (I) (as such limitations may have been adjusted in accordance with section 1712a of this title)" for "; and except that the Secretary may, by regulation, increase any of the foregoing dollar amount limitations contained in this clause".

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 107–326, §5(b)(5), inserted "(I)" after "(ii)" and substituted "; (II) the Secretary may, by regulation, increase any of the dollar limitations in subclause (I) (as such limitations may have been adjusted in accordance with section 1712a of this title)" for "; and except that the Secretary may, by regulation, increase any of the foregoing dollar amount limitations contained in this clause".

2001—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 107–73, §213(d), substituted "$42,048", "$48,481", "58,469", "$74,840", and "$83,375" for "$33,638", "$38,785", "$46,775", "$59,872", and "$66,700", respectively, and "$44,250", "$50,724", "$61,680", "$79,793", and "$87,588" for "$35,400", "$40,579", "$49,344", "$63,834", and "$70,070", respectively.

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 107–73, §213(e), substituted "$37,843", "$42,954", "$51,920", "$65,169", and "$73,846" for "$30,274", "$34,363", "$41,536", "$52,135", and "$59,077", respectively, and "$40,876", "$46,859", "$56,979", "$73,710", and "$80,913" for "$32,701", "$37,487", "$45,583", "$58,968", and "$64,730", respectively.

2000—Subsec. (g)(4)(C)(viii). Pub. L. 106–377 inserted ", except that this subparagraph shall continue to apply if the Secretary receives a mortgagee's written notice of intent to assign its mortgage to the Secretary on or before such date" after "December 31, 2002".

1998—Subsec. (g)(4)(C)(viii). Pub. L. 105–276, §222(1), substituted "December 31, 2002" for "September 30, 1996" in first sentence.

Subsec. (g)(4)(C)(ix). Pub. L. 105–276, §222(2), added cl. (ix).

1996—Subsec. (g)(4)(C)(viii). Pub. L. 104–134 substituted "1996" for "1995" in first sentence.

1992—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 102–550, §509(d), substituted "$33,638", "$38,785", "$46,775", "$59,872", "$66,700", "$35,400", "$40,579", "$49,344", "$63,834", and "$70,070" for "$28,032", "$32,321", "$38,979", "$49,893", "$55,583", "$29,500", "$33,816", "$41,120", "$53,195", and "$58,392", respectively.

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 102–550, §509(e), substituted "$30,274", "$34,363", "$41,536", "$52,135", "$59,077", "$32,701", "$37,487", "$45,583", "$58,968", and "$64,730" for "$25,228", "$28,636", "$34,613", "$43,446", "$49,231", "$27,251", "$31,239", "$37,986", "$49,140", and "$53,942", respectively.

Subsec. (d)(4)(iv). Pub. L. 102–550, §1012(l), inserted "(including the cost of evaluating and reducing lead-based paint hazards, as such terms are defined in section 4851b of title 42)" after "cost of repair and rehabilitation".

Subsec. (g)(4)(A). Pub. L. 102–550, §516(d), which directed substitution of "issue to the mortgagee debentures having a par value" for ", subject to the cash adjustment provided herein, issue to the mortgagee debentures having total face value", was executed to text which read "having a total face value" instead of "having total face value", to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1990—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–625, §611(b)(2), added fourth undesignated paragraph relating to authority of Secretary in establishing rental charges for project covered by mortgage bearing below market interest rate prescribed in proviso to subsec. (d)(3) of this section to include an amount that would permit return of advances to owner.

Subsec. (g)(4)(C). Pub. L. 101–508 added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 101–625, §612(b), added subsec. (l).

1988—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(10)(A), substituted "residence, except that the Secretary" for "residence: Provided, That a mortgage secured by property upon which there is located a dwelling designed principally for a two-, three-, or four-family residence shall not be insured under this section except in the case of a dwelling for occupancy by the mortgagor: Provided further, That the Secretary".

Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(10)(B), which directed that par. (2) be amended by striking out "Provided, That (i)" and all that follows through "(1) in" and inserting "Provided, That (i)(1) in", was executed by substituting "Provided, That (i)(1) in the case of a displaced family" for "Provided further, That (i) if the mortgagor is the owner and an occupant of the property at the time of insurance, (1) in the case of a displaced family", to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the fact that the provision being struck out began with "Provided further" rather than "Provided".

Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(10)(C), struck out "Provided further, That nothing contained herein shall preclude the Secretary from issuing a commitment to insure, and insuring a mortgage pursuant thereto, where the mortgagor is not the owner and an occupant of the property, if the property is to be built or acquired and repaired or rehabilitated for sale, and the insured mortgage financing is required to facilitate the construction, or the repair or rehabilitation, of the dwelling and to provide financing pending the subsequent sale thereof to a qualified owner who is also an occupant thereof, but in such instances the mortgage shall not exceed 85 per centum of the appraised value:".

Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(10)(D), which directed that par. (2) be amended in last proviso by substituting "That the mortgagor shall" for "That, if the mortgagor is the owner and an occupant of the property such mortgagor shall", was executed by substituting "That the mortgagor shall" for "That, if the mortgagor is the owner and an occupant of the property, such mortgagor shall", to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the fact that a comma appears before "such" in provisions being struck out.

Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 100–242, §426(d), substituted "$28,032", "$38,979", "$49,893", "$55,583", "$29,500", "$33,816", "$41,120", "$53,195", and "$58,392" for "$21,563", "$29,984", "$38,379", "$42,756, "$22,692", "$26,012", "$31,631", "$40,919", and "$44,917", respectively.

Pub. L. 100–242, §426(d), which directed that cl. (ii) be amended by substituting "$32,321" for "$24,862", was executed by substituting "$32,321" for "$24,662" to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 100–242, §426(h), substituted "not to exceed 110 percent in any geographical area where the Secretary finds that cost levels so require and by not to exceed 140 percent where the Secretary determines it necessary on a project-by-project basis, but in no case may any such increase exceed 90 percent where the Secretary determines that a mortgage purchased or to be purchased by the Government National Mortgage Association in implementing its special assistance functions under section 1720 of this title (as such section existed immediately before November 30, 1983) is involved" for "not to exceed 75 per centum in any geographical area where he finds that cost levels so require, except that, where the Secretary determines it necessary on a project by project basis, the foregoing dollar amount limitations contained in this paragraph may be exceeded by not to exceed 90 per centum (by not to exceed 140 per centum where the Secretary determines that a mortgage other than one purchased or to be purchased under section 1720 of this title by the Government National Mortgage Association in implementing its special assistance functions is involved) in such an area".

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 100–242, §426(e), (h), substituted "$25,228", "$28,636", "$34,613", "$43,446", "$49,231", "$27,251", "$31,239", "$37,986", "$49,140", and "$53,942" for "$19,406", "$22,028", "$26,625", "$33,420", "$37,870", "$20,962", "$24,030", "$29,220", "$37,800", and "$41,494", respectively, and substituted "not to exceed 110 percent in any geographical area where the Secretary finds that cost levels so require and by not to exceed 140 percent where the Secretary determines it necessary on a project-by-project basis, but in no case may any such increase exceed 90 percent where the Secretary determines that a mortgage purchased or to be purchased by the Government National Mortgage Association in implementing its special assistance functions under section 1720 of this title (as such section existed immediately before November 30, 1983) is involved" for "not to exceed 75 per centum in any geographical area where he finds that cost levels so require, except that, where the Secretary determines it necessary on a project by project basis, the foregoing dollar amount limitations contained in this paragraph may be exceeded by not to exceed 90 per centum (by not to exceed 140 per centum where the Secretary determines that a mortgage other than one purchased or to be purchased under section 1720 of this title by the Government National Mortgage Association in implementing its special assistance functions is involved) in such an area".

Subsec. (d)(6)(ii). Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(11), struck out "is an owner-occupant of the property and" after "where the mortgagor".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100–707 substituted "and Emergency Assistance Act" for "Act of 1974".

Pub. L. 100–242, §401(a)(2), struck out "No mortgage shall be insured under this section after March 15, 1988, except pursuant to a commitment to insure before that date, or except a mortgage covering property which the Secretary finds will assist in the provision of housing for displaced families."

Pub. L. 100–200 substituted "March 15, 1988" for "December 16, 1987".

Pub. L. 100–179 substituted "December 16, 1987" for "December 2, 1987".

Pub. L. 100–170 substituted "December 2, 1987" for "November 15, 1987".

Pub. L. 100–154 substituted "November 15, 1987" for "October 31, 1987".

Pub. L. 100–122 substituted "October 31, 1987" for "September 30, 1987".

Subsec. (h)(6). Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(12), struck out "and occupied" after "or row construction that are owned" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (h)(8). Pub. L. 100–242, §406(b)(13), struck out "if one of the units is to be occupied by the owner" after "approved by the Secretary".

1986—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 99–430 substituted "September 30, 1987" for "September 30, 1986".

Pub. L. 99–345 substituted "September 30, 1986" for "June 6, 1986".

Pub. L. 99–289 substituted "June 6, 1986" for "April 30, 1986".

Pub. L. 99–272 made amendment identical to Pub. L. 99–219. See 1985 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 99–267 substituted "April 30, 1986" for "March 17, 1986".

1985—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 99–219 substituted "March 17, 1986" for "December 15, 1985".

Pub. L. 99–156 substituted "December 15, 1985" for "November 14, 1985".

Pub. L. 99–120 substituted "November 14, 1985" for "September 30, 1985".

1984—Subsec. (d)(3)(iii). Pub. L. 98–479 substituted "rehabilitated" for "rehabilited" before "by a local public agency".

1983—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 98–181, §423(b)(3), struck out ": Provided further, That the foregoing maximum mortgage amounts may be increased by the amount of the mortgage insurance premium paid at the time the mortgage is insured" before "; and (B)".

Subsec. (d)(3)(iii). Pub. L. 98–181, §432(b), struck out proviso that in no case involving refinancing would the mortgage exceed the estimated cost of repair and rehabilitation and the amount, as determined by the Secretary, required to refinance existing indebtedness secured by the property or project, and substituted "Provided, That" for "Provided further, That".

Subsec. (d)(4)(iv). Pub. L. 98–181, §432(c), struck out proviso that in no case involving refinancing would the mortgage exceed the estimated cost of repair and rehabilitation and the amount, as determined by the Secretary, required to refinance existing indebtedness secured by the property or project, and substituted "Provided, That" for "Provided further, That".

Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 98–181, §404(b)(8), substituted "at such rate as may be agreed upon by the mortgagor and the mortgagee" for "(exclusive of premium charges for insurance and service charge, if any) at not to exceed 5 per centum per annum on the amount of the principal obligation outstanding at any time, or not to exceed such per centum per annum not in excess of 6 per centum as the Secretary finds necessary to meet the mortgage market".

Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 98–181, §446(d), inserted "(unless otherwise approved by the Secretary)" after "periodic payments".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 98–181, §401(c), substituted "September 30, 1985" for "November 30, 1983".

Pub. L. 98–109 substituted "November 30, 1983" for "September 30, 1983".

Pub. L. 98–35 substituted "September 30, 1983" for "May 20, 1983".

Subsec. (g)(4)(A). Pub. L. 98–181, §§408, 409, designated existing provision as subpar. (A) and inserted "pursuant to a commitment to insure entered into before November 30, 1983," after "this section".

Subsec. (g)(4)(B). Pub. L. 98–181, §408, added subpar. (B).

1982—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 97–253, §201(d)(1), inserted provision that the foregoing maximum mortgage amounts may be increased by the amount of the mortgage insurance premium paid at the time the mortgage is insured.

Subsec. (d)(2)(B)(i)(2). Pub. L. 97–253, §201(d)(2), (3), inserted "(excluding the mortgage insurance premium paid at the time the mortgage is insured)" after "of its acquisition cost" and struck out "mortgage insurance premium," after "hazard insurance,".

Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 97–377 inserted "(by not to exceed 140 per centum where the Secretary determines that a mortgage other than one purchased or to be purchased under section 1720 of this title by the Government National Mortgage Association in implementing its special assistance functions is involved)" after "90 per centum".

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 97–377 inserted "(by not to exceed 140 per centum where the Secretary determines that a mortgage other than one purchased or to be purchased under section 1720 of this title by the Government National Mortgage Association in implementing its special assistance functions is involved)" after "90 per centum".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–289 substituted "May 20, 1983" for "September 30, 1982".

1981—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–35, §331(c), substituted "1982" for "1981".

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 97–35, §339B(a), inserted "therein" after "installation" and struck out "therein" after "measure".

1980—Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 96–399, §333(c), struck out proviso relating to maturity of a mortgage insured under subsection (d)(2) of this section.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–399, §301(c), substituted "September 30, 1981" for "October 15, 1980".

Pub. L. 96–372 substituted "October 15, 1980" for "September 30, 1980".

Subsec. (i)(2)(A)(iv). Pub. L. 96–399, §333(d), struck out applicability to determinations of lesser amount, if so determined, of three-quarters of the Secretary's estimate of the remaining economic life of the building improvements.

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 96–399, §310(d), added subsec. (k).

1979—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 96–153, §314, substituted "75 per centum" for "50 per centum" and inserted exception that the dollar amount limitations may be exceeded not to exceed 90 per centum where the Secretary determines it to be necessary.

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 96–153, §314, substituted "75 per centum" for "50 per centum" and inserted exception that the dollar amount limitations may be exceeded by not to exceed 90 per centum where the Secretary determines it to be necessary.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–153 substituted "September 30, 1980" for "November 30, 1979".

Pub. L. 96–105 substituted "November 30, 1979" for "October 31, 1979".

Pub. L. 96–71 substituted "October 31, 1979" for "September 30, 1979".

1978—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 95–557, §325(a), substituted "$21,563", "$24,662", "$29,984", "$38,379", and "$42,756" for "$16,860", "$18,648", "$22,356", "$28,152" and "$31,884", respectively, and "$22,692", "$26,012", "$31,631", "$40,919", and "$44,917" for "$19,680", "$22,356", "$26,496", "$33,120", and "$38,400", respectively.

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 95–557, §325(b), substituted "$19,406", "$22,028", "$26,625", "$33,420", and "$37,870" for "$18,450", "$20,625", "$24,630", "$29,640" and "$34,846", respectively.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 95–557, §301(c), substituted "September 30, 1979" for "October 31, 1978".

Pub. L. 95–406 substituted "October 31, 1978" for "September 30, 1978".

1977—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 95–128, §303(c), substituted "$31,000" for "$25,000", "$36,000" for "$29,000" in two places, "$42,000" for "$33,000", "$35,000" for "$28,000", "$48,600" for "$38,880", "$59,400" for "$47,520", "$45,000" for "$36,000", "$57,600" for "$46,080" and "$68,400" for "$54,720".

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 95–24 struck out "other than a mortgagor referred to in subsection (d)(3) of this section," after "if executed by a mortgagor".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 95–128, §301(c), substituted "September 30, 1978" for "September 30, 1977".

Pub. L. 95–80 substituted "September 30, 1977" for "July 31, 1977".

Pub. L. 95–60 substituted "July 31, 1977" for "June 30, 1977".

1976—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 94–375, §3(d), substituted "$25,000" for "$21,600", "$29,000" for "$25,200" in two places, and "$33,000" for "$28,800".

Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 94–375, §8(b)(4), substituted "50 per centum in any geographical area" for "75 per centum in any geographical area", "$16,860" for "$11,240", "$18,648" for "$15,540", "$22,356" for "$18,630", "$28,152" for "$23,460", "$31,884" for "$26,570", "$19,680" for "$13,120", "$22,356" for "$18,630", "$26,496" for "$22,080", "$33,120" for "$27,600", and "$38,400" for "$32,000".

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 94–375, §8(b)(5), substituted "50 per centum in any geographical area" for "75 per centum in any geographical area", "$18,450" for "$12,300", "$20,625" for "$17,188", "$24,630" for "$20,525", "$29,640" for "$24,700", "$34,846" for "$29,038", "$20,962" for "$13,975", "$24,030" for "$20,025", "$29,220" for "$24,350", "$37,800" for "$31,500", and "$41,494" for "$34,578".

1975—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 94–173, §3, raised from 45 per centum to 75 per centum the amount by which any dollar limitation may, by regulation, be increased.

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 94–173, §3, raised from 45 per centum to 75 per centum the amount by which any dollar limitation may, by regulation, be increased.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 94–173, §4(a), struck out a provision limiting to 10 per centum the number of dwelling units available to low and moderate income persons under the age of 62 in a project financed with a mortgage issued under subsection (d)(3) of this section.

1974—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 93–383, §302(c), substituted "$21,600" for "$18,000", "$25,200" for "$21,000" wherever appearing, "$28,000" for "$24,000", "$28,800" for "$24,000", "$36,000" for "$30,000", "$38,880" for "$32,400", "$46,080" for "$38,400", "$47,520" for "$39,600", and "$54,720" for "$45,600".

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 93–383, §319(a), inserted exception for certification of projects assisted or to be assisted pursuant to section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937.

Subsec. (d)(3)(i). Pub. L. 93–383, §304(e)(1), struck out cl. (i) which set forth mortgage ceiling of $12,500,000.

Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 93–383, §303(d), substituted "$11,240" for "$9,200", "$13,120" for "$10,925", "$15,540" for "$12,937.50", "$16,200" for "$13,500", "$18,630" for "$15,525", "$22,080" for "$18,400", "$23,460" for "$19,550" "$26,570" for "$22,137.50", "$27,600" for "$23,000", and "$32,000" for "$26,162.50".

Subsec. (d)(4)(i). Pub. L. 93–383, §304(e)(2), struck out cl. (i) which set forth mortgage ceiling of $12,500,000.

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 93–383, §303(e), substituted "$12,300" for "$9,200", "$13,975" for "$10,525", "$17,188" for "$12,937.50", "$20,025" for "$15,525", "$20,525" for "$15,525", "$24,350" for "$18,400", "$24,700" for "$19,550", "$29,038" for "$22,137.50", "$31,500" for "$23,000", and "$34,578" for "$26,162.50".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 93–383, §316(c), substituted "June 30, 1977" for "October 1, 1974".

Pub. L. 93–288 substituted "the Disaster Relief Act of 1974" for "the Disaster Relief Act of 1970".

1973—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 93–117 extended the mortgage insurance authority under this section from Oct. 1, 1973, to Oct. 1, 1974.

Pub. L. 93–85 extended the mortgage insurance authority under this section from June 30, 1973, to Oct. 1, 1973.

1972—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 92–503 extended the mortgage insurance authority under this section from October 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973.

1970—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 91–609 in second par., substituted "October 1, 1972" for "January 1, 1971"; provided for use of certain housing facilities for classroom purposes where public schools in the community are overcrowded due in part to attendance of residents of the property or project; dispensed with need for kitchen facilities in family units in projects for displaced, elderly, or handicapped families, but permitted inclusion of central dining and other shared facilities; provided that any person who is a displaced person shall be deemed to be a family; and, in third par., substituted "the terms 'displaced family', 'displaced families', and 'displaced person' shall mean a family or families, or a person" for "the terms 'displaced family' and 'displaced families' shall mean a family or families", respectively.

Pub. L. 91–606 substituted "the Disaster Relief Act of 1970" for "the Act entitled 'An Act to authorize Federal assistance to States and local governments in major disasters, and for other purposes', approved September 30, 1950, as amended".

Pub. L. 91–525 substituted "January 1, 1971" for "December 1, 1970".

Pub. L. 91–473 substituted "December 1, 1970" for "November 1, 1970".

Pub. L. 91–432 substituted "November 1, 1970" for "October 1, 1970".

1969—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 91–152, §113(e)(1), (2), substituted "$18,000" for "$15,000", "$21,000" for "$17,500", wherever appearing, "$24,000" for "$20,000" wherever appearing, "$30,000" for "$25,000", "$32,400" for "$27,000", "$38,400" for "$32,000", "$39,600" for "$33,000", and "$45,600" for "$38,000".

Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 91–152, §113(e)(3), (4), substituted "$9,200" for "$8,000", "$10,925" for "$9,500", "$12,937.50" for "$11,250", "$15,525" for "$13,500" wherever appearing, "$18,400" for "$16,000", "$19,550" for "$17,000", "$22,137.50" for "$19,250", "$23,000" for "$20,000", and "$26,162.50" for "$22,750".

Subsec. (d)(4)(ii). Pub. L. 91–152, §113(e)(5), (6), substituted "$9,200" for "$8,000", "$10,925" for "$9,500", "$12,937.50" for "$11,250", "$15,525" for "$13,500" wherever appearing, "$18,400" for "$16,000", "$19,550" for "$17,000", "$22,137.50" for "$19,250", "$23,000" for "$20,000", and "$26,162.50" for "$22,750".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 91–152, §101(c), substituted "October 1, 1970" for "January 1, 1970".

Pub. L. 91–78 substituted "January 1, 1970" for "October 1, 1969".

Subsec. (h)(6)(A). Pub. L. 91–152, §113(e)(7), substituted "$18,000" for "$15,000".

1968—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 90–448, §§101(b)(1), 305, increased maximum amount of mortgages for single-family residences from $12,500 to $15,000 (or $17,500 if mortgagor's family includes five or more persons), and in geographical areas where costs levels so require from $15,000 to $17,500 (or $20,000 if the mortgagor's family includes five or more persons), and §305(d)(2)(A) substituted "the mortgagor" for "a displaced family" in first proviso.

Subsec. (d)(2)(B). Pub. L. 90–448, §101(b)(2), inserted ", in cash or its equivalent" in cl. (2), and inserted proviso directing that a mortgagor who is the owner and an occupant of the property be given the opportunity to contribute the value of his labor as equity in such dwelling.

Subsec. (d)(3)(iii). Pub. L. 90–448, §311(b), inserted proviso to permit the mortgage to involve the financing of the purchase of property which has been rehabilitated by a local public agency with Federal assistance pursuant to section 1460(c)(8) of title 42.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 90–448, §§105(d), 306, authorized the Secretary to insure mortgages meeting the requirements of subsec. (i) or (j) of this section, struck out "if the mortgagor waives the right to receive dividends on its equity investment in the portion thereof devoted to community and shopping facilities" from first proviso, and inserted proviso making provisions of section 1715k(d)(3)(B)(iv) applicable, in the case of a mortgage which bears interest at the below-market interest rate prescribed in subsec. (d)(5) of this section, only if the mortgagor waives the right to receive dividends on its equity investment in the portion thereof devoted to commercial facilities.

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 90–448, §105(b), included mortgages meeting requirements of par. (2) of subsec. (i) of this section.

Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 90–448, §105(c), included mortgages meeting requirements of par. (2) of subsec. (j) of this section.

Subsec. (h)(2)(A). Pub. L. 90–448, §316(a), reduced number of one-family dwellings from five or more to four or more, and permitted the mortgage to cover four or more one-family units in a structure or structures for which a plan of family unit ownership approved by the Secretary is established.

Subsec. (h)(4). Pub. L. 90–448, §101(c)(2), increased aggregate principal balance of mortgages insured from $20,000,000 to $50,000,000.

Subsec. (h)(5)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 90–448, §101(c)(1), permitted mortgage to bear interest at such lower rate, not less than 1 per centum, as the Secretary may prescribe if in his judgment purchaser's income is sufficiently low to justify the lower rate, and inserted proviso requiring rate of interest to be increased if purchaser's income subsequently rises.

Subsec. (h)(6). Pub. L. 90–448, §101(c)(3), added par. (6).

Subsec. (h)(7), (8). Pub. L. 90–448, §316(b), added pars. (7) and (8).

Subsecs. (i), (j). Pub. L. 90–448, §105(a), added subsecs. (i) and (j).

1967—Pub. L. 90–19, §1(a)(3), substituted "Secretary" for "Commissioner" wherever appearing in subsecs. (b), (d)(1) to (3), (d)(3)(ii), (iii), (d)(4), (d)(4)(ii) to (iv), (d)(5), (6), (e)(1), (2), (f), and (g)(3), (4).

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 90–19, §1(a)(4), substituted "Secretary's" for "Commissioner's" wherever appearing in pars. (2), (3)(iii), (4)(iv), and (6).

1966—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 89–769, §4(a), substituted "displaced families" for "families displaced from urban renewal areas or as a result of governmental action".

Subsec. (d)(2), (6). Pub. L. 89–769, §4(a), substituted "displaced family" for "family displaced from an urban renewal area or as a result of governmental action" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 89–754, §307, increased maximum amount of mortgages for single-family and two-family residences from $11,000 and $18,000 to $12,500 and $20,000, respectively.

Subsec. (d)(3)(iii). Pub. L. 89–769, §4(a), substituted "displaced families" for "families displaced by urban renewal or other governmental action".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 89–769, §4(a), (b), substituted "displaced families" for "families displaced from urban renewal areas or as a result of governmental action", and inserted definition of "displaced family" and "displaced families".

Pub. L. 89–754, §§308, 309, 310(c), inserted in first sentence provision for nondwelling facilities in projects in urban renewal areas, inserted provision respecting single occupants in housing under subsec. (d)(3) of this section, and inserted in fourth sentence "or which meet the requirements of subsection (h)", respectively.

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 89–754, §310(b)(1), inserted "or paragraph (5) of subsection (h) of this section".

Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 89–754, §310(b)(2), inserted "or paragraph (1) of subsection (h) of this section".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 89–754, §310(a), added subsec. (h). A prior subsec. (h) was repealed by Pub. L. 89–117, title XI, §1108(i)(4), Aug. 10, 1965, 79 Stat. 505.

1965—Subsec. (d)(3)(ii). Pub. L. 89–117, §207(d), substituted "$17,000 per family unit with three bedrooms, and $19,250 per family unit with four or more bedrooms" for "and $17,000 per family unit with three or more bedrooms" and "$20,000 per family unit with three bedrooms, and $22,750 per family unit with four or more bedrooms" for "and $20,000 per family unit with three or more bedrooms".

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 89–117, §§207(d), 1108(i)(1), substituted "$17,000 per family unit with three bedrooms, and $19,250 per family unit with four or more bedrooms" for "and $17,000 per family unit with three or more bedrooms" and "$20,000 per family unit with three bedrooms, and $22,750 per family unit with four or more bedrooms" for "and $20,000 per family unit with three or more bedrooms" in subpar. (ii) and substituted "General Insurance Fund" for "section 221 Housing Insurance Fund" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 89–117, §102(b), substituted "not less than the lower of (A) 3 per centum per annum, or (B) the annual rate of interest determined" for "not less than the annual rate of interest determined" in proviso.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 89–117, §§102(a), 1108(i)(1), substituted "this section after October 1, 1969" for "subsection (d)(2) or (d)(4) after September 30, 1965, or under subsection (d)(3) after September 30, 1965" and substituted "General Insurance Fund" for "section 221 Housing Insurance Fund".

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 89–117, §1108(i)(1), substituted "General Insurance Fund" for "section 221 Housing Insurance Fund".

Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 89–117, §1108(i)(2), struck out provision that all references in section 1713 to the Housing Insurance Fund or the Housing Fund shall be construed to refer to the section 221 Housing Insurance Fund.

Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 89–117, §1108(i)(1), (3), substituted "General Insurance Fund" for "section 221 Housing Insurance Fund" and struck out provision that all references in section 1713 of this title to the Housing Insurance Fund, the Housing Fund, or the Fund shall be construed to refer to the section 221 Housing Insurance Fund.

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 89–117, §1108(i)(4), repealed subsec. (h) which created the section 221 Housing Insurance Fund, provided for the transfer of funds thereto, authorized the purchase and cancellation of debentures and the credit and payment of charges and fees.

1964—Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 88–560, §114(a), inserted ", or other mortgagor approved by the Commissioner, and" after "or association".

Subsec. (d)(3)(ii), (4)(ii). Pub. L. 88–560, §107(d)(1), (2), changed limits on mortgages for property or project attributable to dwelling use from "$2,250 per room (or $8,500 per family unit if the number of rooms in such property or project is less than four per family unit)" to "$8,000 per family unit without a bedroom, $11,250 per family unit with one bedroom, $13,500 per family unit with two bedrooms, and $17,000 per family unit with three or more bedrooms", changed such mortgage limits on project consisting of elevator-type structures from a sum "of $2,250 per room to not to exceed $2,750 per room, and the dollar amount limitation of $8,500 per family unit to not to exceed $9,000 per family unit" to dollar amount limitations "per family unit to not to exceed $9,500 per family unit without a bedroom, $13,500 per family unit with one bedroom, $16,000 per family unit with two bedrooms, and $20,000 per family unit with three or more bedrooms", and substituted provision authorizing an increase "by not to exceed 45 per centum" of any of such limits because of cost levels for former provision authorizing such an increase "by not to exceed $1,000 per room without regard to the number of rooms being less than four, or four or more".

Subsec. (d)(3)(iii). Pub. L. 88–560, §114(c), inserted "Provided further, That in the case of any mortgagor other than a nonprofit corporation or association, cooperative (including an investor-sponsor), or public body, or a mortgagor meeting the special requirements of subsection (e)(1), the amount of the mortgage shall not exceed 90 per centum of the amount otherwise authorized under this section".

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 88–560, §114(b), added par. (1) and designated existing provisions as par. (2).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 88–560, §§114(d), 202, 203(b), extended the mortgage insurance authority under subsec. (d)(2) and (4) of this section from July 1, 1965 to Sept. 30, 1965, inserted definition of "family", and substituted in such definition "person who is sixty-two years of age or over, or who is a handicapped person within the meaning of section 1701q of this title," for "person who is sixty-two years of age or over".

Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 88–560, §105(c)(2), substituted a period for "; or" and inserted "If the insurance is paid in cash, there shall be added to such payment an amount equivalent to the interest which the debentures would have earned, computed to a date to be established pursuant to regulations issued by the Commissioner."

1963—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 88–54 extended mortgage insurance authority under subsec. (d)(2) and (4) of this section from July 1, 1963, to July 1, 1965.

1961—Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(1), added section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(2), redefined the purpose of this section as one to assist private industry in providing housing for low and moderate income families and families displaced from urban renewal areas or as a result of governmental action, and eliminated provisions which required localities, communities or environs of communities to request the mortgage insurance, which limited the number of dwelling units to not more than the aggregate number which the Housing Administrator certified to the Commissioner, and which authorized assistance for relocation of families to be displaced as the result of governmental action in a community to those cases in which a certification by the Housing Administrator pursuant to section 1451(c) of title 42 has been made, or there is being carried out a project covered by a Federal aid contract executed, or prior approval granted, under subchapter II of chapter 8A of title 42, or there is being carried out an urban renewal project assisted under section 1462 of title 42.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(3), empowered the Commissioner to insure advances during construction on mortgages covering property of the character described in pars. (3) and (4) of subsec. (d) of this section.

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(4), (5), increased the maximum amount of mortgages for single-family residences from $9,000 to $11,000, three-family residences from $25,000 to $27,000 and for four-family residences from $32,000 to $33,000, increased the maximum amount of mortgages that the Commissioner may authorize in cases where he finds the cost levels so require from $12,000 to $15,000 for single-family residences, $20,000 to $25,000 for two-family residences, $27,500 to $32,000 for three-family residences and $35,000 to $38,000 for four-family residences, required families other than those displaced from an urban renewal area or as a result of Government action to pay on account of the property at least 3 per centum of the Commissioner's estimate of its acquisition cost, prohibited insurance of mortgages for dwellings designed principally for two-, three-, or four-family residences except in the case of dwellings for occupancy by a family displaced from an urban renewal area or as a result of governmental action, and eliminated provisions which required the Commissioner to prescribe procedures relating to priorities in occupancy of the remaining units of two-, three-, and four-family dwellings after occupancy of one unit by the owner.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(6), included public bodies and agencies which certify that they are not receiving financial assistance exclusively pursuant to the United States Housing Act of 1937 cooperatives, and limited dividend corporations, increased the maximum amount of mortgages from not more than $9,000 per family unit for such part of such property or project as may be attributable to dwelling use to not more than $2,250 per room (or $8,500 per family unit if the number of rooms is less than four per family unit) for such part of such property or project as may be attributable to dwelling use (excluding exterior land improvements), empowered the Commissioner to increase the maximum from $2,250 to $2,750 per room and from $8,500 to $9,000 per family unit to compensate for higher costs incident to the construction of elevator-type structures, and in geographical areas which the cost levels so require from $2,250 to $3,250 per room, increased the maximum amount of the mortgage in the case of repair and rehabilitation from not more than the Commissioner's estimate of the value of the property when the proposed repair and rehabilitation is completed to not more than the sum of the estimated cost of repair and rehabilitation and the Commissioner's estimate of the value of the property before repair and rehabilitation, limited, in cases involving refinancing, the amount of the mortgage to not more than the estimated cost of repair and rehabilitation and the amount (as determined by the Commissioner) required to refinance existing indebtedness secured by the property or project, and eliminated provisions which required the property or project to be for use as rental accommodations for ten or more families eligible for occupancy.

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(7)–(10), substituted "other than a mortgagor referred to in subsection (d)(3) of this section" for "which is not a nonprofit organization" in opening provisions, increased the maximum amount of mortgages from not more than $9,000 per family unit for such part of such property or project as may be attributable to dwelling use to not more than $2,250 per room (or $8,500 per family unit if the number of rooms is less than four per family unit) for such part of such property or project as may be attributable to dwelling use (excluding exterior land improvements), empowered the Commissioner to increase the maximum from $2,250 to $2,750 per room and from $8,500 to $9,000 per family unit to compensate for higher costs incident to the construction of elevator-type structures, and in geographical areas which the cost levels so require from $2,250 to $3,250 per room, increased the maximum amount of the mortgage in the case of repair and rehabilitation from not more than 90 per centum of the Commissioner's estimate of the value of the property or project when the proposed repair and rehabilitation is completed to not more than 90 per centum of the sum of the estimated cost of repair and rehabilitation and the Commissioner's estimate of the value of the property before repair and rehabilitation, limited, in cases involving refinancing, the amount of the mortgage to not more than the estimated cost of repair and rehabilitation and the amount (as determined by the Commissioner) required to refinance existing indebtedness secured by the property of project, and eliminated provisions which required the property or project to be for use as rental accommodations for ten or more families eligible for occupancy.

Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(10), (11), struck out provisions which required the mortgage to provide for complete amortization by periodic payments within such terms as the Commissioner may prescribe, but not to exceed 40 years from the date of insurance of the mortgage or three-quarters of the Commissioner's estimate of the remaining economic life of the building improvements, whichever is the lesser, and inserted proviso requiring the mortgage to bear interest at not less than the annual rate of interest determined by estimating the average market yield to maturity on all outstanding marketable obligations of the United States, and by adjusting such yield to the nearest one-eighth of 1 per centum.

Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(10), added par. (6).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(12), required a property or project covered by a mortgage insured under subsec. (d)(3) or (d)(4) of this section to include five or more family units, empowered the Commissioner to adopt such procedures and requirements to assure that the dwelling accommodations provided under this section are available to families displaced from urban renewal areas or as a result of governmental action, authorized the Commissioner to insure a mortgage which meets subsec. (d)(3) of this section with no premium charge, with a reduced premium charge, or with a premium charge for such period or periods during the time the insurance is in effect as he may determine, and prohibited insurance of mortgages under subsec. (d)(2) or (d)(4) of this section after July 1, 1963, or under subsec. (d)(3) of this section after July 1, 1965, except pursuant to a commitment to insure before that date or except a mortgage covering property which will assist in the provision of housing for families displaced from urban renewal areas or as a result of governmental action.

Subsec. (g)(3), (4). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(13), (14), added par. (3), redesignated former par. (3) as (4), and substituted "this paragraph" for "this paragraph (3)".

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 87–70, §101(a)(15), inserted "cash payments," after "cash adjustments," in last sentence.

1959—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–372, §110(a)(1), (2), inserted provisions in first par. to authorize assistance in relocating families residing in the environs of a community described in cl. (2) which are to be displaced as the result of governmental action, inserted provisions in second par. making mortgage insurance available in environs of communities and substituted "in or near any such community" for "in any such community" in second proviso of second par.

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 86–372, §110(b), required a mortgage to be secured by property upon which there is located a dwelling conforming to applicable standards prescribed by the Commissioner under subsec. (f) of this section, and meeting the requirements of all State laws, or local ordinances or regulations, relating to the public health or safety, zoning, or otherwise, which may be applicable thereto, increased the maximum amount of the mortgage on a single-family residence in a high cost area from $10,000 to $12,000, authorized insurance of mortgages for two-, three-, and four-family residences and required the Commissioner to prescribe such procedures as are necessary to secure to families, referred to in subsec. (a) of this section, priorities in occupancy of the remaining units of two-, three-, and four-family dwellings after occupancy of one unit by the owner.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 86–372, §110(c)(1), (2), substituted "$12,000" for "$10,000", and "not in excess of (1) in the case of new construction, the amount which the Commissioner estimates will be the replacement cost of the property or project when the proposed improvements are completed (the replacement cost may include the land, the proposed physical improvements utilities within the boundaries of the land, architect's fees, taxes, interest during construction, and other miscellaneous charges incident to construction and approved by the Commissioner), or (2) in the case of repair and rehabilitation, the Commissioner's estimate of the value of the property when the proposed repair and rehabilitation is completed: Provided, That such property or project, when constructed, or repaired and rehabilitated, shall be for use as rental accommodations for ten or more families eligible for occupancy as provided in this section; or" for "not in excess of the Commissioner's estimate of the value of the property or project when constructed, or repaired and rehabilitated, for use as rental accommodations for ten or more families eligible for occupancy as provided in this section; and".

Subsec. (d)(4), (5). Pub. L. 86–372, §110(c)(3), added par. (4) and redesignated former par. (4) as (5).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 86–372, §110(d), authorized the property or project to include such commercial and community facilities as the Commissioner deems adequate to serve the occupants.

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 86–372, §116(b), inserted reference to subsec. (k) of section 1710 of this title.

Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 86–372, §110(e), substituted "paragraph (3) or (4)" for "paragraph (3)".

1957—Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 85–104 substituted "(h), and (j) of section 1710 of this title" for "and (h) of section 1710 of this title".

1956—Subsec. (a). Act Aug. 7, 1956, §307(c), inserted in first sentence ", or (3) there is being carried out an urban renewal project assisted under section 1462 of title 42" and substituted "clause (2) or (3)" for "clause (2)" each place it appears in last proviso.

Subsec. (d). Act Aug. 7, 1956, §108, substituted "$9,000" for "$7,600" and "$10,000" for "$8,600" in pars. (2) and (3); amended par. (2) to allow mortgage insurance for appraised value and to require at least $200 initial payment, which amount could include prepaid expenses, in lieu of former provisions which allowed mortgage to be insured up to 95 percent of the appraised value and required at least a 5 percent initial payment; eliminated "95 per centum of" after "not in excess of" and inserted "or the Federal Housing Commissioner" after "agencies thereof" in par. (3) and substituted "forty" for "thirty" in par. (4).

1955—Subsec. (a). Act Aug. 11, 1955, §102(j), authorized assistance in relocating families from urban renewal areas even though such families are not required to leave the area.

Subsec. (d)(3). Act Aug. 11, 1955, §102(c), increased from $5,000,000 to $12,500,000 the limitation on the maximum amount of a mortgage.

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by section 406(b)(10)–(13) of Pub. L. 100–242 applicable only with respect to mortgages insured pursuant to conditional commitment issued on or after Feb. 5, 1988, or in accordance with direct endorsement program (24 CFR 200.163), if approved underwriter of mortgagee signs appraisal report for property on or after Feb. 5, 1988, see section 406(d) of Pub. L. 100–242, set out as a note under section 1709 of this title.

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

For effective date of amendment by section 423(b)(3) of Pub. L. 98–181, see section 423(c) of Pub. L. 98–181, set out as a note under section 1709 of this title.

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–35 effective Oct. 1, 1981, see section 371 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3701 of this title.

Effective Date of 1974 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 93–288 effective Apr. 1, 1974, see section 605 of Pub. L. 93–288, formerly set out as an Effective Date note under section 5121 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 91–606 effective Dec. 31, 1970, see section 304 of Pub. L. 91–606, set out as a note under section 165 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Implementation of 1982 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–253 to be implemented only if Secretary determines that program of advance payment of insurance premiums, considering the effect of said amendment, is actuarially sound, see section 201(g) of Pub. L. 97–253, set out as a note under section 1709 of this title.

Delegation of Processing of Mortgage Insurance

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to implement system of mortgage insurance for mortgages insured under this section that delegates processing functions to selected approved mortgagees, with Secretary to retain authority to approve rents, expenses, property appraisals, and mortgage amounts and to execute firm commitments, see section 328 of Pub. L. 101–625, set out as a note under section 1713 of this title.

Effective Date of Temporary Extension of Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 and Correction of Any Repeal

Pub. L. 101–494, §1, Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1185, provided that:

"(a) Effective Date of Extender.—Public Law 101–402 [amending section 1709 of this title and section 11319 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and amending provisions set out as a note below] shall be deemed to have taken effect as if such law were enacted on September 29, 1990.

"(b) Status of Act.—The Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 [title II of Pub. L. 100–242] (12 U.S.C. 1715l note) shall be deemed to have been in effect on and after September 29, 1990, as if Public Law 101–402 had been enacted on September 29, 1990.

"(c) Correction of Any Repeal.—The provisions of the Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 (12 U.S.C. 1715l note), other than section 203, are amended to read as such provisions were in effect on September 29, 1990. The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if this Act were enacted on September 29, 1990.

"(d) Effective Date.—If the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act [Pub. L. 101–625, which was approved Nov. 28, 1990] is enacted before the enactment of this Act [Oct. 31, 1990], this section shall be deemed to have taken effect immediately before the enactment of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act."

Preservation of Low-Income Housing

The Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987, consisting of title II of Pub. L. 100–242, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1877, amended the National Housing Act, the United States Housing Act of 1937, and the Housing Act of 1949, and enacted provisions formerly set out as a note under this section. The provisions set out as a note under this section consisted of subtitles A and B [§§201–203, 221–230, and 231–235] of title II of Pub. L. 100–242, as amended by Pub. L. 100–628, title X, §§1021–1027, Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3270, 3271; Pub. L. 101–235, title II, §§201, 202(a)–(c), 203(b), Dec. 15, 1989, 103 Stat. 2037, 2038; Pub. L. 101–402, §1, Oct. 1, 1990, 104 Stat. 866; Pub. L. 101–494, §§1(c), 2(a), Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1185, which set up a temporary program for the prepayment of mortgages on low income housing insured under the National Housing Act that terminated on the date of enactment of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (Nov. 28, 1990). The Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act [Pub. L. 101–625] amended subtitles A and B of title II of Pub. L. 100–242 generally, changing the name of title II of Pub. L. 100–242 to the "Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990". As amended, subtitles A and B of title II are classified generally to subchapter I (§4101 et seq.) of chapter 42 of this title. Prior to the general revision by Pub. L. 101–625, subtitles A and B of title II read as follows:

"subtitle a—general provisions

"SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.

"This title [amending sections 1715z–6 and 1715z–15 of this title and sections 1437f, 1472, 1485, and 1487 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the 'Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987'.

"SEC. 202. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

"(a) Findings.—The Congress finds that—

"(1) in the next 15 years, more than 330,000 low income housing units insured or assisted under sections 221(d)(3) and 236 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715l(d)(3), 1715z–1] could be lost as a result of the termination of low income affordability restrictions;

"(2) in the next decade, more than 465,000 low income housing units produced with assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f] could be lost as a result of the expiration of the rental assistance contracts;

"(3) some 150,000 units of rural low income housing financed under section 515 of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C. 1485] are threatened with loss as a result of the prepayment of mortgages by owners;

"(4) the loss of this privately owned and federally assisted housing, which would occur in a period of sharply rising rents on unassisted housing and extremely low production of additional low rent housing, would inflict unacceptable harm on current tenants and would precipitate a grave national crisis in the supply of low income housing that was neither anticipated nor intended when contracts for these units were entered into;

"(5) the loss of this affordable housing, to encourage the production of which the public has provided substantial benefits over past years, would irreparably damage hard-won progress toward such important and long-established national objectives as—

"(A) providing a more adequate supply of decent, safe, and sanitary housing that is affordable to low income Americans;

"(B) increasing the supply of housing affordable to low income Americans that is accessible to employment opportunities; and

"(C) expanding housing opportunities for all Americans, particularly members of disadvantaged minorities;

"(6) the provision of an adequate supply of low income housing has depended and will continue to depend upon a strong, long-term partnership between the public and private sectors that accommodates a fair return on investment;

"(7) recent reductions in Federal housing assistance and tax benefits related to low income housing have increased the incentives for private industry to withdraw from the production and management of low income housing;

"(8) efforts to retain this housing must take account of specific financial and market conditions that differ markedly from project to project;

"(9) a major review of alternative responses to this threatened loss of affordable housing is now being undertaken by numerous private sector task forces as well as State and local organizations; and

"(10) until the Congress can act on recommendations that will emerge from this review, interim measures are needed to avoid the irreplaceable loss of low income housing and irrevocable displacement of current tenants.

"(b) Purpose.—It is the purpose of this title—

"(1) to preserve and retain to the maximum extent practicable as housing affordable to low income families or persons those privately owned dwelling units that were produced for such purpose with Federal assistance;

"(2) to minimize the involuntary displacement of tenants currently residing in such housing; and

"(3) to continue the partnership between all levels of government and the private sector in the production and operation of housing that is affordable to low income Americans.

"SEC. 203. TERMINATION OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS.

"(a) In General.—Effective on November 30, 1990, or the date of enactment of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act [Nov. 28, 1990], whichever is earlier—

"(1) subtitles B and D [amending sections 1715z–6 and 1715z–15 of this title and sections 1437f and 1485 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare and enacting provisions set out in this note] are repealed; and

"(2) each provision of law amended by subtitle B or D is amended to read as it would without such amendment.

"(b) Savings Provision.—The repeal or amendment of any provision under subsection (a) shall have no effect on any action taken or authorized under the provision prior to such repeal or amendment.

"subtitle b—prepayment of mortgages insured under national housing act

"SEC. 221. GENERAL PREPAYMENT LIMITATION.

"(a) Prior Approval of Plan of Action.—An owner of eligible low income housing may prepay, and a mortgagee may accept prepayment of, a mortgage on such housing only in accordance with a plan of action approved by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under this subtitle. An insurance contract with respect to eligible low-income housing may be terminated pursuant to section 229 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715t] only in accordance with a plan of action approved by the Secretary under this subtitle.

"(b) Alternative Prepayment Moratorium.—In the event any court of the United States or any State invalidates the requirements established in this subtitle (1) an owner of eligible low income housing located in the geographic area subject to the jurisdiction of such court may not prepay, and a mortgagee may not accept prepayment of, a mortgage on such housing during the 2-year period following the date of such invalidation, and (2) an insurance contract with respect to eligible low-income housing located in the geographic area subject to the jurisdiction of such court may not be terminated pursuant to section 229 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715t] during the 2-year period following the date of such invalidation.

"SEC. 222. NOTICE OF INTENT.

"An owner of eligible low income housing seeking to initiate prepayment or other changes in the status or terms of the mortgage or regulatory agreement (including a request to terminate the insurance contract pursuant to section 229 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715t]) shall file with the Secretary a notice of the intent of the owner in such form and manner as the Secretary shall prescribe. The owner shall simultaneously file the notice of intent with any appropriate State or local government agency for the jurisdiction within which the housing is located.

"SEC. 223. PLAN OF ACTION.

"(a) Preparation and Submission.—Upon receipt of a notice of intent, the Secretary shall provide the owner with such information as the owner needs to prepare a plan of action, which information shall include a description of the Federal incentives authorized under this title, and any relevant market area and demographic information that the Secretary has custody of and that the owner may use in preparing the plan. The owner shall submit the plan of action to the Secretary in such form and manner as the Secretary shall prescribe. The owner may simultaneously submit the plan of action to any appropriate State or local government agency for the jurisdiction within which the housing is located, which agency shall, in reviewing the plan, consult with representatives of the tenants of the housing.

"(b) Contents.—The plan of action shall include—

"(1) a description of any proposed changes in the status or terms of the mortgage or regulatory agreement, which may include a request for incentives to extend the low income use of the housing;

"(2) a description of any assistance that could be provided by State or local government agencies, as determined by prior consultation between the owner and any appropriate State or local agencies;

"(3) a description of any proposed changes in the low income affordability restrictions;

"(4) a description of any change in ownership that is related to prepayment;

"(5) an assessment of the effect of the proposed changes on existing tenants;

"(6) a statement of the effect of the proposed changes on the supply of housing affordable to lower and very low income families or persons in the community within which the housing is located and in the area that the housing could reasonably be expected to serve; and

"(7) any other information that the Secretary determines is necessary to achieve the purposes of this title.

"(c) Revisions.—The owner may from time to time revise and amend the plan of action as may be necessary to obtain approval of the plan under this subtitle.

"(d) Authority To Limit Contents of Plan.—The Secretary shall limit the amount of appraisal, market area, and demographic information required under this section in the case of a plan of action requesting incentives.

"SEC. 224. INCENTIVES TO EXTEND LOW INCOME USE.

"(a) Agreements by Secretary.—After receiving a plan of action from an owner of eligible low income housing, the Secretary may enter into such agreements as are necessary to satisfy the criteria for approval under section 225.

"(b) Permissible Incentives.—Agreements entered into under subsection (a) that by modifications to the existing regulatory agreement or mortgage extend the low income affordability restrictions through the term of the mortgage or, in the case of the prepayment of a mortgage, by a recorded instrument impose low income affordability restrictions (including the obligations specified in the regulatory agreement) through a period equivalent to the term of the original mortgage may include one or more of the following incentives that the Secretary, after taking into account local market conditions, determines to be necessary to achieve the purposes of this title:

"(1) An increase in the allowable distribution or other measures to increase the rate of return on investment.

"(2) Revisions to the method of calculating equity.

"(3) Increased access to residual receipts accounts or excess replacement reserves.

"(4) Provision of insurance for a second mortgage under section 241(f) of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715z–6(f)].

"(5) An increase in the rents permitted under an existing contract under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f], or (subject to the availability of amounts provided in appropriation Acts) additional assistance under such section 8 or an extension of any project-based assistance attached to the housing.

"(6) Financing of capital improvements under section 201 of the Housing and Community Development Amendments of 1978 [12 U.S.C. 1715z–1a].

"(7) Other actions, authorized in other provisions of law, to facilitate a transfer or sale of the project to a qualified nonprofit organization, limited equity tenant cooperative, public agency, or other entity acceptable to the Secretary.

"(8) Other incentives authorized in law.

"SEC. 225. CRITERIA FOR APPROVAL OF PLAN OF ACTION.

"(a) Plan of Action Involving Termination of Low Income Affordability Restrictions.—The Secretary may approve a plan of action that involves termination of the low income affordability restrictions only upon a written finding that—

"(1) implementation of the plan of action will not materially increase economic hardship for current tenants (and will not in any event result in (A) a monthly rental payment by a current tenant that exceeds 30 percent of the monthly adjusted income of the tenant or an increase in the monthly rental payment in any year that exceeds 10 percent (whichever is lower), or (B) in the case of a current tenant who already pays more than such percentage, an increase in the monthly rental payment in any year that exceeds the increase in the Consumer Price Index or 10 percent (whichever is lower)) or involuntarily displace current tenants (except for good cause) where comparable and affordable housing is not readily available, determined without regard to the availability of Federal housing assistance that would address any such hardship or involuntary displacement; and

"(2)(A) the supply of vacant, comparable housing is sufficient to ensure that such prepayment will not materially affect—

"(i) the availability of decent, safe, and sanitary housing affordable to lower income and very low-income families or persons in the area that the housing could reasonably be expected to serve;

"(ii) the ability of lower income and very low-income families or persons to find affordable, decent, safe, and sanitary housing near employment opportunities; or

"(iii) the housing opportunities of minorities in the community within which the housing is located; or

"(B) the plan has been approved by the appropriate State agency and any appropriate local government agency for the jurisdiction within which the housing is located as being in accordance with a State strategy approved by the Secretary under section 226.

"(b) Plan of Action Including Incentives.—The Secretary may approve a plan of action that includes incentives only upon finding that—

"(1) the package of incentives is necessary to provide a fair return on the investment of the owner;

"(2) due diligence has been given to ensuring that the package of incentives is, for the Federal Government, the least costly alternative that is consistent with the full achievement of the purposes of this title; and

"(3) binding commitments have been made to ensure that—

"(A) the housing will be retained as housing affordable for very low-income families or persons, lower income families or persons, and moderate income families or persons for the remaining term of the mortgage;

"(B) throughout such period, adequate expenditures will be made for maintenance and operation of the housing;

"(C) current tenants shall not be involuntarily displaced (except for good cause);

"(D) any increase in rent contributions for current tenants shall be to a level that does not exceed 30 percent of the adjusted income of the tenant or the fair market rent for comparable housing under section 8(b) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f(b)], whichever is lower;

"(E)(i) any resulting increase in rents for current tenants (except for increases made necessary by increased operating costs)—

"(I) shall be phased in equally over a period of not less than 3 years, if such increase is 30 percent or more; and

"(II) shall be limited to not more than 10 percent per year if such increase is more than 10 percent but less than 30 percent; and

"(ii) assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 shall be provided if necessary to mitigate any adverse affect on current income eligible tenants; and

"(F)(i) rents for units becoming available to new tenants shall be at levels approved by the Secretary that will ensure, to the extent practicable, that the units will be available and affordable to the same proportions of very low-income families or persons, lower income families or persons, and moderate income families or persons (including families or persons whose incomes are 95 percent or more of area median income) as resided in the housing as of January 1, 1987 (based on the area median income limits established by the Secretary in February, 1987), or the date the plan of action is approved, whichever date results in the highest proportion of very low-income families, except that this limitation shall not prohibit a higher proportion of very low-income families from occupying the housing; and

"(ii) in approving rents under this paragraph, the Secretary shall take into account any additional incentives provided under this subtitle and shall make provision for such annual rent adjustments as may be made necessary by future reasonable increases in operating costs.

"(c) Section 8 Rental Assistance.—When providing rental assistance under section 8 [of the United States Housing Act of 1937, 42 U.S.C. 1437f], the Secretary may enter into a contract with an owner, contingent upon the future availability of appropriations for the purpose of renewing expiring contracts for rental assistance as provided in appropriations Acts, to extend the term of such rental assistance for such additional period or periods as is necessary to carry out an approved plan of action. The contract and the approved plan of action shall provide that, if the Secretary is unable to extend the term of such rental assistance or is unable to develop a revised package of incentives providing benefits to the owner comparable to those received under the original approved plan of action, the Secretary, upon the request of the owner, shall take the following actions (subject to the limitations under the following paragraphs):—

"(1) Modification of the binding commitments made pursuant to subsection (b) that are dependent on such rental assistance.

"(2) If action under paragraph (1) is not feasible, release of an owner from the binding commitments made pursuant to subsection (b) that are dependent on such rental assistance.

"(3) If action under paragraphs (1) and (2) would, in the determination of the Secretary, result in the default of the insured loan, approval of the revised plan of action, notwithstanding subsection (a), that involves the termination of low-income affordability restrictions.

At least 30 days prior to making a request under the preceding sentence, an owner shall notify the Secretary of the owner's intention to submit the request. The Secretary shall have a period of 90 days following receipt of such notice to take action to extend the rental assistance contract and to continue the binding commitments under subsection (b).

"(d) Relocation of Displaced Tenants.—Any plan of action shall specify actions that the Secretary and the owner shall take to ensure that any tenants, displaced as a result of a plan of action approved under subsection (a) or as a result of modifications taken pursuant to subsection (c), are relocated to affordable housing.

"SEC. 226. ALTERNATIVE STATE STRATEGY.

"(a) Criteria for Approval.—The Secretary may approve a State strategy for purposes of section 225(a) only upon finding that it is a practicable statewide strategy that ensures at a minimum that—

"(1) current tenants will not be involuntarily displaced (except for good cause);

"(2) housing opportunities for minorities will not be adversely affected in the communities within which the housing is located;

"(3) any increase in rent for current tenants shall be to a level that does not exceed 30 percent of the adjusted income of the tenants or the fair market rent for comparable housing under section 8(b) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f(b)], whichever is lower, except that any increase not necessitated by increased operating costs shall be phased in equally over not less than 3 years if such increase exceeds 10 percent;

"(4) housing approved under the State strategy will remain affordable to very low-income, lower income or moderate income families and persons for not less than the remaining term of the original mortgage, if the housing is to be made available for rental, or for not less than 40 years, if the housing is to be made available for homeownership;

"(5)(A) not less than 80 of all units in eligible low income housing approved under the State strategy shall be retained as affordable to families or persons meeting the income eligibility standards for initial occupancy that applies to the housing on January 1, 1987; and

"(B) not less than 60 percent of the units in any one project shall remain available and affordable to such families or persons, within which not less than 20 percent of the units shall remain available and affordable to very low income families or persons as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families;

"(6) expenditures for rehabilitation, maintenance and operation shall be at a level necessary to maintain the housing as decent, safe and sanitary for the period specified in paragraph (4);

"(7) not less than 25 percent of new assistance required to maintain low income affordability in accordance with this section shall be provided through State and local actions, such as tax exempt financing, low-income tax credits, State or local tax concessions, and other incentives provided by the State or local governments; and

"(8) for each unit of eligible low income housing approved under the State strategy that is not retained as affordable to families or persons meeting the income eligibility standards for initial occupancy on January 1, 1987, the State will provide with State funds 1 additional unit of comparable housing in the same market area that is available and affordable to such families or persons, and such units or funds shall be made available before the Secretary approves the State strategy.

"(b) Additional Requirements.—

"(1) The Secretary may not approve a State strategy until the State has entered into all of the agreements necessary to carry out the strategy.

"(2) Each State strategy shall include any other provision that the Secretary determines to be necessary to implement an approved State strategy.

"(c) Implementation Agreements.—The Secretary may enter into such agreements as are necessary to implement an approved State strategy, which agreements may include incentives that are authorized in other provisions of this subtitle.

"SEC. 227. TIMETABLE FOR APPROVAL OF PLAN OF ACTION.

"(a) Notification of Deficiencies.—Not later than 60 days after receipt of a plan of action, the Secretary shall notify the owner in writing of any deficiencies that prevent the plan of action from being approved. If deficiencies are found, such notice shall describe alternative ways in which the plan could be revised to meet the criteria for approval.

"(b) Notification of Approval.—

"(1) In general.—Not later than 180 days after receipt of a plan of action, or such longer period as the owner requests, the Secretary shall notify the owner in writing whether the plan of action, including any revisions, is approved. If approval is withheld, the notice shall describe—

"(A) the reasons for withholding approval; and

"(B) the actions that could be taken to meet the criteria for approval.

"(2) Opportunity to revise.—The Secretary shall subsequently give the owner a reasonable opportunity to revise the plan of action and seek approval.

"SEC. 228. MODIFICATION OF EXISTING REGULATORY AGREEMENTS.

"(a) In General.—If a plan of action cannot be approved within 300 days after a plan of action is submitted, the Secretary may, upon the request of the owner, modify existing regulatory agreements to—

"(1) prevent involuntary displacement of current tenants (except for good cause);

"(2) ensure that adequate expenditures will be made for maintenance and operation of the housing;

"(3) extend any expiring project-based assistance on the housing for the term of the agreement;

"(4) permit an increase in the allowable distribution that could be accommodated by a rise in rents on occupied units to rise to a level no higher than 30 percent of the adjusted income of the current tenants, as determined by the Secretary, except that rents shall not exceed the fair market rent for comparable housing under section 8(b) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f(b)] and any resulting increase in rents for current tenants shall be phased in equally over a period of no less than 3 years unless such increase is less than 10 percent; and

"(5) ensure that units becoming vacant during the term of the agreement are made available in accordance with section 225(b)(3)(F).

"(b) Expiration.—Agreements entered into under this section shall expire upon the expiration of the 4-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 5, 1988]. Upon the expiration of the agreements, the housing covered by the agreements shall be subject to any law then affecting low income affordability restrictions.

"SEC. 229. CONSULTATIONS WITH OTHER INTERESTED PARTIES.

"The Secretary shall confer with any appropriate State or local government agency to confirm any State or local assistance that is available to achieve the purposes of this title and shall give consideration to the views of any such agency when making determinations under section 225. The Secretary shall also confer with appropriate interested parties that the Secretary believes could assist in the development of a plan of action that best achieves the purposes of this title.

"SEC. 230. RIGHT OF CONVERSION TO ALTERNATIVE PREPAYMENT SYSTEM.

"Any agreement to extend low income affordability restrictions under section 225(b) shall, for 4 years from the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 5, 1988], provide the owner the right to convert to any system of incentives and restrictions provided in law during such period, with such adjustments as the Secretary determines are appropriate to compensate for the value of any benefits the owner had received under this title.

"SEC. 232. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

"Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 5, 1988], the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report setting forth the activities carried out under this subtitle. The report shall include a description of the plans of action approved under subsections (a) and (b) of section 225 and an analysis of the extent to which the plans retain housing affordable for very low-income families or persons, lower income families or persons, and moderate income families or persons. The report shall also include a detailed description of (1) the actions taken by the Secretary to ensure meaningful participation by affected tenants; and (2) the incentives developed by the Secretary under section 224 to ensure compliance with this subtitle.

"SEC. 233. DEFINITIONS.

"For purposes of this subtitle:

"(1) The term 'eligible low income housing' means any housing financed by a loan or mortgage—

"(A) that is—

"(i) insured or held by the Secretary under section 221(d)(3) of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715l(d)(3)] and assisted under section 101 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 [12 U.S.C. 1701s] or section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437f];

"(ii) insured or held by the Secretary and bears interest at a rate determined under the proviso of section 221(d)(5) of the National Housing Act;

"(iii) insured, assisted, or held by the Secretary or a State or State agency under section 236 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1715z–1]; or

"(iv) held by the Secretary and formerly insured under a program referred to in clause (i), (ii), or (iii); and

"(B) that, under regulation or contract in effect before the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 5, 1988], is or will within 1 year become eligible for prepayment without prior approval of the Secretary.

"(2) The term 'low income affordability restrictions' means limits imposed by regulation or regulatory agreement on tenant rents, rent contributions, or income eligibility in eligible low income housing.

"(3) The terms 'lower income families or persons' and 'very low-income families or persons' mean families or persons whose incomes do not exceed the respective levels established for lower income families and very low-income families under section 3(b)(2) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(2)].

"(4) The term 'moderate income families or persons' means families or persons whose incomes are between 80 percent and 95 percent of median income for the area, as determined by the Secretary with adjustments for smaller and larger families.

"(5) The term 'owner' means the current or subsequent owner or owners of eligible low income housing.

"(6) The term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

"(7) The term 'termination of low income affordability restrictions' means any elimination or relaxation of low income affordability restrictions (other than those permitted under an approved plan of action under section 225(b)).

"SEC. 234. REGULATIONS.

"The Secretary shall issue final regulations to carry out this subtitle not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 5, 1988]. The Secretary shall provide for the regulations to take effect not later than 45 days after the date on which the regulations are issued.

"SEC. 235. EFFECTIVE DATE.

"The requirements of this subtitle shall apply to any project that is eligible low income housing on or after November 1, 1987."

[Pub. L. 101–494, §2(b), Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1185, provided that: "If the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act [Pub. L. 101–625, which was approved Nov. 28, 1990] is enacted on or after October 31, 1990, this section [amending section 203(a) of Pub. L. 100–242 set out above] shall be deemed to have taken effect on October 30, 1990."

Nehemiah Housing Opportunity Grants

Pub. L. 100–242, title VI (§§601–613), Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1951, as amended by Pub. L. 102–139, title II, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 759; Pub. L. 102–550, title I, §183, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3738, established the Nehemiah Housing Opportunity Fund to provide assistance in the form of grants to nonprofit organizations for the construction, rehabilitation, and financing of housing for families not otherwise able to afford homeownership. Pub. L. 101–625, title II, §289(a)(3), (b), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4128, which is classified to section 12839(a)(3), (b) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, provided that, except with respect to projects and programs for which binding commitments have been entered into prior to Oct. 1, 1991, no new grants or loans be made after Oct. 1, 1991, under title VI of Pub. L. 100–242, and effective Oct. 1, 1991, title VI of Pub. L. 100–242 is repealed.

Limitation on Number of Dwelling Units With Mortgages Not Providing for Complete Amortization

For limitation on the number of dwelling units with mortgages not providing for complete amortization pursuant to authority granted by amendment to subsec. (d)(6) by section 446 of Pub. L. 98–181, see section 446(f) of Pub. L. 98–181, set out as a note under section 1713 of this title.

Amendments to Provisions for Family Unit Limits on Rental Housing; Equitable Application of Such Amendments or Pre-Amendment Provisions to Projects Submitted for Consideration Prior to September 2, 1964

Equitable application of amendment to subsec. (d)(3) (ii), (4)(ii) of this section by section 107(d)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 88–560 or pre-amendment provisions to projects submitted for consideration prior to Sept. 2, 1964, see section 107(g) of Pub. L. 88–560, set out as a note under section 1713 of this title.

Taxation of Interest Paid on Obligations Secured by Insured Mortgage and Issued by Public Agency

Pub. L. 93–383, title III, §319(b), Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 686, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, §2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: "With respect to any obligation secured by a mortgage which is insured under section 221(d)(3) of the National Housing Acts [subsec. (d)(3) of this section] and issued by a public agency as mortgagor in connection with the financing of a project assisted under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [section 1437f of title 42], the interest paid on such obligation shall be included in gross income for purposes of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [chapter 1 of title 26]."