49 U.S.C. § 41706

1. (a)An individual may not smoke—
   1. (1)in an aircraft in scheduled passenger interstate or intrastate air transportation; or
   2. (2)in an aircraft in nonscheduled passenger interstate or intrastate air transportation, if a flight attendant is a required crewmember on the aircraft (as determined by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration).
2. (b)The Secretary of Transportation shall require all air carriers and foreign air carriers to prohibit smoking—
   1. (1)in an aircraft in scheduled passenger foreign air transportation; and
   2. (2)in an aircraft in nonscheduled passenger foreign air transportation, if a flight attendant is a required crewmember on the aircraft (as determined by the Administrator or a foreign government).
3. (c)
   1. (1)If a foreign government objects to the application of subsection (b) on the basis that subsection (b) provides for an extraterritorial application of the laws of the United States, the Secretary shall waive the application of subsection (b) to a foreign air carrier licensed by that foreign government at such time as an alternative prohibition negotiated under paragraph (2) becomes effective and is enforced by the Secretary.
   2. (2)If, pursuant to paragraph (1), a foreign government objects to the prohibition under subsection (b), the Secretary shall enter into bilateral negotiations with the objecting foreign government to provide for an alternative smoking prohibition.
4. (d)
   1. (1)The use of an electronic cigarette shall be treated as smoking for purposes of this section.
   2. (2)In this section, the term “electronic cigarette” means a device that delivers nicotine to a user of the device in the form of a vapor that is inhaled to simulate the experience of smoking.
5. (e)The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as are necessary to carry out this section.